Red-Emitting Carbon Nanodot-Based Wide-Range Responsive Nanothermometer for Intracellular Temperature Sensing

Xu, Yueling; Yang, Yi; Lin, Shen; Xiao, Lehui

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03912

Cited by 63 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…[36] CDs with an excitation-independent emission centered at 650 nm (when excited at 460-580 nm) have been synthesized by solvothermal treatment in methanol from CA and thionine. [37] Phenylenediamines are yet another kind of precursors for synthesizing CDs with large conjugated sp 2 domains, and thus narrow bandgaps. O-phenylenediamine and dopamine were used by Lu and coworkers to perform hydrothermal treatment at 200 °C with addition of HCl.…”

Section: Enlarging Sp 2 Domains In the CD Corementioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Properties of Carbon Dots in the Deep‐Red to Near‐Infrared Region Are Attractive for Biomedical Applications

Ushakova

Rogach

et al. 2021

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range (NIR-I region: 700-900 nm; NIR-II region: 1000-1700 nm). [15][16][17][18][19][20] Deep tissue penetration can be realized in this spectral range owing to the low degree level of photon absorption, scattering, and autofluorescence from tissues. [21,22] Therefore, imaging and therapeutic agents which operate in the DR to NIR region are highly desired. For CDs, strong PL in the blue and green region has been reported on numerous occasions, with PL quantum yields (QY) up to 90%, [23,24] while CDs with efficient longer wavelength emission have experienced extensive development only recently. Starting from the first report on the orange emissive CDs (PL peak at 580 nm) with a PL QY of 46%, [25] red emissive CDs with PL peak at 628 nm and PL QY of 53%, [26] and NIR emissive CDs with PL peak at 715 nm and PL QY of 43% [27] were introduced. A number of strategies, such as enlarging the π-conjugated structure, enhancing the surface oxidation, and employing proper precursors such as phenylenediamines were proved as effective for realization of such CDs. This review starts from summary of synthetic strategies toward CDs with absorption/PL at the wavelength from 650 nm and into the NIR-I and NIR-II spectral region. We then consider in detail the Stokes and anti-Stokes PL (ASPL), chemiluminescence (CL) and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the DR/NIR CDs. At the end, we provide a concise summary of already reported biomedical applications of CDs, such as in the photoacoustic (PA) imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and their use as bioimaging agents and drug carriers.Carbon dots (CDs) represent a recently emerged class of luminescent materials with a great potential for biomedical theranostics, and there are a lot of efforts to shift their absorption and emission toward deep-red (DR) to near-infrared (NIR) region falling in the biological transparency window. This review offers comprehensive insights into the synthesis strategies aimed to achieve this goal, and the current approaches of modulating the optical properties of CDs over the DR to NIR region. The underlying mechanisms of their absorption, photoluminescence, and chemiluminescence, as well as the related photophysical processes of photothermal conversion and formation of reactive oxygen species are considered. The already available biomedical applications of CDs, such as in the photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and their use as bioimaging agents and drug carriers are then shortly summarized.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202102325. Figure 12. a) In vivo NIR fluorescence images of a mouse stomach before (left) and after (right) gavage injection of CDs in PVP aqueous solution.Reproduced with permission. [46] Copyright 2018, Wiley-VCH. b) NIR fluorescence images of mouse tumor after intravenous injection of CDs at various time points. c) NIR fluorescence of H22 tumors that were dissected from mice at ...

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Section: Enlarging Sp 2 Domains In the CD Corementioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Properties of Carbon Dots in the Deep‐Red to Near‐Infrared Region Are Attractive for Biomedical Applications

Ushakova

Rogach

et al. 2021

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101

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“…6a). 166 C-dots to detect glutathione (GSH) in cells. 167 They found that the PL of the C-dots quenched by GSH recovered when the temperature increased, which showed a potential for efficient nanothermometer.…”

Section: Journal Of Materials Chemistry C Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, optical properties and applications of red/near-infrared carbon dots

et al. 2022

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“…As reported in Xiao's work, red-emitting CQDs prepared from thionine and citric acid display opposite relation versus temperature, which is different to conventional fluorophores. [54] The highly stable fluorescence of CQDs toward diverse amino acids, pH, metal ions and salt endows the real-time monitoring of intracellular temperature variation between 20 and 37 °C in different cell lines (Figure 7C). The blinking phenomenon of CQDs is also utilized for dynamic bioanalysis by them.…”

Section: Reversible Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady‐State and Dynamic Bioanalysis using Carbon Quantum Dot‐based Luminescence Probes

et al. 2022

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Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with excellent biocompatibility, tunable emission and designable surface composition have been widely applied for luminescent sensing of diverse biological targets. In addition to homogeneous bioanalysis, dynamic bioanalysis of biological analytes is also achieved with the combination of single-particle imaging technique. In this review, we majorly conclude the recently adopted steady-state and dynamic bioanalysis based on CQD luminescence probes. The synthesis and lumines-cence mechanism of CQDs is first introduced. Regarding the CQD-based luminescent bioanalysis, sensing principles and tactics are provided. The steady-state bioanalysis systems are discussed according to the targets. Dynamic bioanalysis platforms are concluded in two aspects: time-dependent accumulation and real-time dynamics. This review ends with the discussion of challenges and future trends of CQD probebased luminescent bioanalysis.

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Red-Emitting Carbon Nanodot-Based Wide-Range Responsive Nanothermometer for Intracellular Temperature Sensing

Cited by 63 publications

References 53 publications

Optical Properties of Carbon Dots in the Deep‐Red to Near‐Infrared Region Are Attractive for Biomedical Applications

Optical Properties of Carbon Dots in the Deep‐Red to Near‐Infrared Region Are Attractive for Biomedical Applications

Synthesis, optical properties and applications of red/near-infrared carbon dots

Steady‐State and Dynamic Bioanalysis using Carbon Quantum Dot‐based Luminescence Probes

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