Red Mud as an Additional Source of Titanium Raw Materials

Abstract

In this study the extraction of titanium from bauxite residue (red mud) with 2 step acid leaching was proposed. In the first step red mud was leached with diluted hydrochloric acid under stirring to remove the soluble Ca, Na, Al, Si and K at 25 ∘ C and pH=3 for 1hour. The content of iron and titanium in the solid residue increased to 57.7% and 6.4%, respectively. The factors influencing sulfuric acid leaching of the solid residue in the second stage were examined by factorial design. The optimal iron and titanium extraction efficiency was obtained after leaching at 50 ∘ C and L:S ration 20:1 for 90 min when 80 g/L sulfuric acid was used. The titanium oxide content in the concentrate obtained under the optimum conditions amounted to 46.7%. The maximum recovery of titanium in the sulfuric acid solution has not exceeded 6%.

Extraction of Valuable Elements from Red Mud with a Focus on Using Liquid Media—A Review

“…Shoppert and Loginova [55] suggested a method of sequential processing of red mud by diluted solutions of hydrochloric and sulfuric acids to obtain a titanium-containing concentrate. In the first stage, Ca, Na, Al, Si and K were removed from red mud by the treatment using HCl solution of pH = 3 at 25 • C for 1 h. In the second stage, the residue enriched in titanium and iron was leached by H 2 SO 4 solution.…”

Research on High-Pressure Hydrochloric Acid Leaching of Scandium, Aluminium and Other Valuable Components from the Non-Magnetic Residues Obtained from Red Mud after Iron Removal

“…In last years, there is a high interest for selective recovery of scandium [9,14,15]. Direct leaching processes using different lixiviants such as alkaline solutions [16,17], hydrochloric and sulfuric acids [18][19][20][21][22][23][24], organic acids [25,26] and ionic liquids [27,28] were thoroughly investigated. However, the direct leaching methods are either non-selective or ineffective for the extraction of titanium and REEs.…”