Redox-active electrolyte for carbon nanotube-based electric double layer capacitors

Roldán, Silvia; González, Zoraida; Blanco, Clara; Granda, Marcos; Menéndez, Rosa; Santamarı́a, Ricardo

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2010.10.017

Cited by 161 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Synchronous GCD experiments in symmetric two-and threeelectrode system 44,45 ( Supplementary Fig. S11a) were conducted to compare the double-layer behaviour at the positive electrode with a potential window of 0.88 V. Pseudocapacitive behaviour was observed at the negative electrode with a potential window of 0.47 V. Following the principle of equal charge 44 , different potential windows give rise to the 432 and 1,010 F g À 1 capacitances at the positive and negative electrode, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic interaction between redox-active electrolyte and binder-free functionalized carbon for ultrahigh supercapacitor performance

et al. 2013

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Development of supercapacitors with high-energy density and high-power density is a tremendous challenge. Although the use of conductive carbon materials is promising, other methods are needed to reach high cyclability, which cannot be achieved by fully utilizing the surface-oxygen redox reactions of carbon. Here we introduce an effective strategy that utilizes Cu 2 þ reduction with carbon-oxygen surface groups of the binder-free electrode in a new redox-active electrolyte. We report a 10-fold increase in the voltammetric capacitance (4,700 F g À 1 ) compared with conventional electrolyte. We measured galvanostatic capacitances of 1,335 F g À 1 with a retention of 99.4% after 5,000 cycles at 60 A g À 1 in a threeelectrode cell and 1,010 F g À 1 in a two-electrode cell. This improvement is attributed to the synergistic effects between surface-oxygen molecules and electrolyte ions as well as the low charge transfer resistance (0.04 O) of the binder-free porous electrode. Our strategy provides a versatile method for designing new energy storage devices and is promising for the development of high-performance supercapacitors for large-scale applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic interaction between redox-active electrolyte and binder-free functionalized carbon for ultrahigh supercapacitor performance

et al. 2013

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“…[81] In this case, the capacitances are not only contributed by electrode materials but also contributed from the electrolytes. To date, various redox-active mediators contain organic molecules like hydroquinone (HQ), [82,83] methylene blue (MB), [84] indigo carmine, [85] p-phenylenediamine (PPD), [86] m-phenylenediamine, [87] lignosulfonates, [88] and ionic redox active species like KI, [89,90] VOSO 4 , [91] Na 2 MO 4 , [92] and CuCl 2 [93] have been extensively studied. The GPEs containing redoxactive mediators have been extensively explored in carbonbased supercapacitors, pseudocapacitors, and Li-O 2 battery.…”

Section: Redox-active Gpesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Cheng

Pan

Zhao

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

786

562

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storage devices with adjustable shapes and high flexibility, which is promising for the burgeoning portable and wearable electronics. [7][8][9] Furthermore, the flexibility and elasticity of GPEs are also prone to tolerate the volume change of electrode materials and the dendrites of lithium metal during charge and discharge processes. [10][11][12][13] As a consequence, GPEs have become one of the most desirable alternatives among various electrolytes for the electrochemical energy storage devices, and significant progress has been made in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), supercapacitors (SCs), lithium-oxygen (Li-O 2 ) batteries as well as the other kinds of electrochemical energy storage devices, such as sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, fuel cells, and zinc-air batteries. [14][15][16] In order to meet the requirements of wearable devices for flexibility and deformability, more special GPEs with tough, [17] stretchable, [18] and compressible [19] functionalities have been also developed.Typically, a polymeric framework is adopted in GPEs as host material, providing high mechanical integrity. Several criteria for a good polymer host lie in: [20][21][22] (i) fast segmental motion of polymer chain; (ii) special groups promoting the dissolution of salts; (iii) low glass transition temperature (T g ); (iv) high molecular weight; (v) wide electrochemical window; (vi) high degradation temperature. Within the framework, the salts in the GPEs serve as the sources of the charge carriers, which are generally required to have large anions and low dissociation energy for easier dissociating-induced free/mobile ions. According to the types of electrolytes, there are four categories of GPEs based on proton, [23] alkaline, [24] conducting salts, and ionic liquids (ILs). [25] The criteria for an appropriate electrolyte include: [26][27][28] (i) good dissociation without forming ion pairs or ion aggregation; (ii) high thermal, chemical, and electrochemical stability; (iii) high ionic conductivity. In order to dissolve both the polymer hosts and electrolytic salts, the organic/ aqueous solvents are introduced to provide the medium for ionic conduction. A good solvent should simultaneously have high dielectric constant (ɛ > 15), donor number for more dissociation of ion and chemical and electrochemical stability. Organic solvents normally include ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl sulphoxide, ethyl methyl carbonate, and tetrahydrofuran.To prepare a high-performance GPE, it is essential to select the species of host polymer, solvent, and electrolytic salt, and then blend them by solution or melt processes, such as casting With the booming development of flexible and wearable electronics, their safety issues and operation stabilities have attracted worldwide attentions. Compared with traditional liquid electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are preferred due to their higher safety and adaptability to the design of ...

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“…MWCNTs have a relatively large surface area, a high chemical inertness, a good electrical conductivity and have demonstrated a good performance with other redox electrolytes [12,15,16]. On the other hand, modified graphite felts have been widely used as electrodes in redox flow batteries and have demonstrated their ability to withstand oxidant environments while maintaining a good electrical conductivity and performing well as an "electron-transfer surface" [33][34][35].…”

Section: Selection Of Electrode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, our research group proposed a highly efficient and low cost alternative to increase the cell capacitance of symmetric CBSCs based on the incorporation of electroactive organic molecules (organic redox electrolytes) such as hydroquinone, methylene blue or indigo carmine into the supporting electrolytes, a route that has been followed by other researchers [12][13][14][15][16]. In these electrochemical devices one of the electrodes (where the redox reactions occur) acts as a battery-type electrode, while the other one retains its capacitor-type behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced energy density of carbon-based supercapacitors using Cerium (III) sulphate as inorganic redox electrolyte

Díaz

González

Santamarı́a

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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The energy density of carbon based supercapacitors (CBSCs) was significantly increased by the addition of an inorganic redox species [Ce 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ] to an aqueous electrolyte (H 2 SO 4 ). The development of the faradaic processes on the positive electrode not only significantly increased the capacitance but also the operational cell voltage of these devices (up to 1.5 V) due to the high redox potentials at which the Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ reactions occur. Therefore, in asymmetric CBSCs assembled using an activated carbon as negative electrode and MWCNTs as the positive one, the addition of Ce 2 (SO 4 ) 3 moderately increases the energy density of the device (from 1.24 W h kg -1 to 5.08 W h kg -1 ). When a modified graphite felt is used as positive electrode the energy density of the cell reaches values as high as 13.84 W h kg -1 . The resultant systems become asymmetric hybrid devices where energy is stored due to double layer formation in the negative electrode and the development of the faradaic process in the positive electrode, which acts as a battery-type electrode.

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Redox-active electrolyte for carbon nanotube-based electric double layer capacitors

Cited by 161 publications

References 20 publications

Synergistic interaction between redox-active electrolyte and binder-free functionalized carbon for ultrahigh supercapacitor performance

Synergistic interaction between redox-active electrolyte and binder-free functionalized carbon for ultrahigh supercapacitor performance

Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Enhanced energy density of carbon-based supercapacitors using Cerium (III) sulphate as inorganic redox electrolyte

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