Redox-dependent functional switching of plant proteins accompanying with their structural changes

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be generated during the course of normal aerobic metabolism or when an organism is exposed to a variety of stress conditions. It can cause a widespread damage to intracellular macromolecules and play a causal role in many degenerative diseases. Like other aerobic organisms plants are also equipped with a wide range of antioxidant redox proteins, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutaredoxin, thioredoxin (Trx), Trx reductase, protein disulfide reductase, and other kinds of peroxidases that are usually significant in preventing harmful effects of ROS. To defend plant cells in response to stimuli, a part of redox proteins have shown to play multiple functions through the post-translational modification with a redox-dependent manner. For the alternative switching of their cellular functions, the redox proteins change their protein structures from low molecular weight to high molecular weight (HMW) protein complexes depending on the external stress. The HMW proteins are reported to act as molecular chaperone, which enable the plants to enhance their stress tolerance. In addition, some transcription factors and co-activators have function responding to environmental stresses by redox-dependent structural changes. This review describes the molecular mechanism and physiological significance of the redox proteins, transcription factors and co-activators to protect the plants from environmental stresses through the redox-dependent structural and functional switching of the plant redox proteins.

Resistance to citrus canker induced by a variant of Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri is associated with a hypersensitive cell death response involving autophagy‐associated vacuolar processes

“…The production of ROS is one of the earliest cellular responses following successful pathogen recognition. Apoplastic generation of superoxide ( ) or its dismutation product H 2 O 2 can cause strengthening of the plant cell walls, mediation of signalling for gene activation and promotion of HR‐PCD (Chi et al ., ). It has been observed previously that the C. limon – X. citri A T interaction leads to an increased production of H 2 O 2 (Chiesa et al ., ), suggesting the deployment of a bona fide defence response leading to canker resistance.…”

Anti-oxidative potential of boiling soluble antioxidant enzymes inAmelioration of drought-induced oxidative stress in tolerant and sensitive cultivars of Triticum aestivum

“…It has also been proposed by Chi et al (2013) that the redox proteins like PDI undergo redox-dependent structural and functional switching from low to high molecular weight protein complexes under stress, thereby functioning as a chaperone. These findings are supported by Ma et al (2014) who demonstrated that PDI activity was enhanced more in the salt-tolerant soyabean genotype Lee 68 as compared to the salt-sensitive genotype Jackson.…”

High‐Density Mapping of Resistance QTL Toward Phytophthora sojae, Pythium irregulare, and Fusarium graminearum in the Same Soybean Population

“…Oxidation and reduction are known to change the structure and function of proteins within the host cell (Chi et al, 2013). Additionally, reactive oxygen species are known to act both upstream and downstream of salicylic acid signaling pathways (Herrera-Vásquez et al, 2015).…”