Reducing R&amp;D Cycle Time

Burkart, Robert

doi:10.1080/08956308.1994.11670980

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Moreover many R&D professionals argue that an information process based on a professional training is important to avoid a mismatch between the skills that project members bring to the project and the skills that are required for the project execution (Kessler and Chakrabarti, 1999). This is consistent with arguments in the literature promoting the benefits of developing team members with training and self-esteem (Keller, 1994), broad-based competencies (Burkart, 1994), high professionalism and full-time commitment (Aronson et al, 2006).…”

Section: Ijppm 652supporting

confidence: 64%

Performance analysis of new product development projects

Ciarapica

Mazzuto

2016

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of technical and management practices of a new product development (NPD) project on the project success in terms of observed value-added time. The authors address the research questions: “How do the product innovation aspects, information process, suppliers integration and project team aspects influence the success of NPD projects in terms of observed value-added time?” Design/methodology/approach – Specific hypotheses are posed based on literature research and semi-structured interviews with project managers used for the pilot study. In total, 40 projects carried out by multinational corporation, concerning NPD, are analysed, comparing product and project features with results obtained in terms of performance indexes usually used in “Lean Production” sector: “waste time”; and “type of wastes”. Findings – This research highlighted that “over-processing” is the most important waste made in the projects when the product concept is Completely New. Great support has been found for the hypothesis that a clear definition of products’ concept can reduce waste time. Unexpected result has been obtained analysing “Information process aspects” category where the more frequent use of support systems (i.e. quality function deployment, computer-integrated manufacturing, computer-aided design, etc.) tended to increase waste time. Important connections have also been found between project team aspects and low waste time. Practical implications – The identification of sources of waste can help managers to assess their current innovation practices, identify gaps between their current practice and best practice, and define action plans to close those gaps. Originality/value – In literature, researches exploring the effects that both organizational and managerial factors have on value-added has received only scant attention. This study attempts to bridge this gap, and takes a first step to investigate the role of product innovation aspects, information process, supplier integration and project team aspects in “value-added time” in a NPD project.

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Section: Ijppm 652supporting

confidence: 64%

Performance analysis of new product development projects

Ciarapica

Mazzuto

2016

International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management

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“…The FFE, which precedes the formal product development process, usually includes such activities as strategic planning, idea screening, concept generation, and concept testing (Koen, 2005). Most authors have considered the FFE to be a rational decision‐making process that aims to shorten lead times and differentiate between bad ideas and good ideas (Burkart, 1994; Cooper, 1994; Reinertsen, 1994, 1999). Other authors have adopted a more holistic view of FFE by including an assessment of capabilities (strategic, financial, and organizational) among FFE activities (Khurana and Rosenthal, 1997, 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Contributions of Involving Ordinary Users in Ideation of Technology‐Based Services^*

Magnusson

2009

J of Product Innov Manag

268

261

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Lead users have long been acknowledged as important contributors to the market success of innovative products and services. The ability of lead users to be such effective innovators has been ascribed to a combination of adequate technological expertise and superior knowledge of the user domain so-called 'use experience'. Drawing on the apparent success of lead users in innovation, many companies are now attempting to involve other types of users, namely ordinary users, for ideation at the 'fuzzy front-end' (FFE) of new product and service development. However, ordinary users do not usually possess the technological knowledge of lead users, and the existing literature provides little guidance on how to manage such user involvement or its expected contributions. The purpose of the present study is, therefore, to contribute to scholarly knowledge regarding the benefits and management of user involvement during the ideation phase of innovation in technology-based services. More specifically, the study investigates the contribution made in this respect by 'ordinary' users, as opposed to professional developers. The research questions that are addressed are: (i) What contributions do ordinary users make when involved in the FFE for ideation of new technology-based services? and (ii) How is the contribution of the users affected by their knowledge of the underlying technology? The study addresses these questions through a literature review and conceptual analysis of the involvement of users in innovation in mobile telephony, followed by an empirical study utilizing a quasiexperimental design in which the independent variable is the users' technological knowledge of the underlying mobile telephone system and the dependent variable is the quality of the created idea-proposals from an innovation perspective. Various scenarios involving 'guided users', 'pioneering users', and 'professionals' are investigated. The study finds that the users' knowledge of the underlying technology has an effect on their propensity to contribute with incremental and/or radical new ideas. The ideas from guided users tend to be more incremental whereas the pioneering users' ideas are more radical. Contrary to the users in the 'guided user' scenarios, the users in the 'pioneering user' scenarios have a propensity to produce ideas that challenge the prevailing dominant logic of the company; these ideas can be utilized to assist the company to think in new trajectories. The article proposes that ordinary users should not be expected to contribute ideas that can be directly put into the new-product development process; rather, ordinary user involvement should be regarded as a process whereby a company learns about users' needs and is inspired to innovate. The article concludes that user involvement can actually be a stimulus for review of a company's business strategy.

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“…Pengetahuan, yang dimiliki manusia untuk menafsirkan simbol-simbol disebut "cadangan makna" (Burkart, 1998) atau -meminjam istilah Schütz -"cadangan pengetahuan" (Schütz, 1993 objek yang sama untuk para aktor komunikasi yang terlibat" (Burkart, 1998 (Burkart, 1998;Mead, 1968 (Schützeichel, 2004).…”

Section: Pendekatan Sibernetis Dan Interaksionismeunclassified

“…Kajian-kajian mengenai interasionisme simbolik penulis dapatkan baik itu dari sumber primer, yaitu dari Mead (Mead, 1968) dan Blumer (Blumer, 1973), maupun dari sumber sekunder (Burkart, 1998). Selanjutnya, berbagai penjelasan mengenai fenomenologi dapat ditemukan dalam tulisan Alfred Schütz (Schütz, 1993): Der sinnhafte Aufbau der sozialen Welt, Gattungsanalyse (Knoblauch & Luckmann, 2000), dan Soziologischen…”

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Model pemrosesan informasi Gregory Bateson dalam pendekatan sibernetis

Priyadharma

2019

jmk

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ABSTRAKPendekatan sibernetis Gregory Bateson belum banyak diaplikasikan dan dikembangkan dalam kajian-kajian komunikasi di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, artikel yang berfokus untuk mengangkat pendekatan sibernetis semacam ini ke permukaan menjadi sangat penting. Melalui studi literatur, artikel ini mengulas model pemrosesan informasi dari Gregory Bateson dengan mengambil pendekatan sibernetis yang didasarkan pada teori sistem umum dengan premis-premis sebab-akibatnya. Teori sistem dan perspektif sibernetis seringkali digunakan dalam analisis fenomena komunikasi dan informasi untuk melihat sejauh mana perubahan dalam komponen-komponen sebuah sistem memiliki dampak terhadap sistem secara keseluruhan. Lebih jauh, dalam artikel ini juga diulas mengenai kaitan antara prinsip-prinsip dalam pendekatan sibernetis dengan beberapa teori populer seperti interaksionisme simbolis, fenomenologi sosial, dan teori kekacauan. Relasi sibernetika dan interaksionisme simbolis terletak pada pembahasan tentang konteks dan konsep redundansi, yang dalam interaksionisme simbolis disebut sebagai cadangan pengetahuan atau cadangan makna. Pendekatan sibernetis bersesuaian dengan fenomenologi ketika fenomenologi menguraikan pola tindakan manusia yang dijelaskan melalui konsep tipifikasi dan appresentasi. Resiprositas, yang merupakan salah satu konsep penting dalam fenomenologi sosial, juga memiliki irisan yang dalam dengan mekanisme umpan balik dalam sibernetika. Akhirnya, prinsip-prinsip umum pendekatan sibernetis juga ditemukan dalam teori kekacauan atau chaos theory, dimana keduanya menganggap bahwa fenomena komunikasi dan/atau fenomena alam merupakan bagian dari sistem yang lebih besar yang saling terhubung satu sama lain. Baik sibernetika maupun teori kekacauan, keduanya menganut mekanisme sebab-akibat untuk menjelaskan bagaimana proses komunikasi atau semesta secara umum bekerja. Kata-kata Kunci: sibernetis; teori sistem; interaksionisme simbolis; fenomenologi; teori kekacauan Gregory Bateson's information processing model in cybernetic approachABSTRACT Gregory Bateson's cybernetic approach has not been widely applied and developed in communication studies in Indonesia. Therefore, an article that focuses on bringing such approach to the surface becomes very important. Through a literature study, this article reviews Bateson's information processing model by taking cybernetic explanation based on the general system theory with its causal-effect premise. System theory and cybernetic explanation are often used in the analysis of communication and information issues to see the extent of changes in the component of a system has an impact on the system as a whole. Furthermore, this article also reviews the link between principles in cybernetic approach and some popular theories such as symbolic interactionism, social phenomenology, and chaos theory. The relation of cybernetics and symbolic interactionism lies in the discussion of context and the concept of redundancy, which in symbolic interactionism is called the reserve of knowledge or the r...

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Reducing R&D Cycle Time

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Performance analysis of new product development projects

Performance analysis of new product development projects

Exploring the Contributions of Involving Ordinary Users in Ideation of Technology‐Based Services^*

Model pemrosesan informasi Gregory Bateson dalam pendekatan sibernetis

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Reducing R&D Cycle Time

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Performance analysis of new product development projects

Performance analysis of new product development projects

Exploring the Contributions of Involving Ordinary Users in Ideation of Technology‐Based Services*

Model pemrosesan informasi Gregory Bateson dalam pendekatan sibernetis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Exploring the Contributions of Involving Ordinary Users in Ideation of Technology‐Based Services^*