Reducing the Framing Effect in Older and Younger Adults by Encouraging Analytic Processing

Thomas, Ayanna K.; Millar, Peter R.

doi:10.1093/geronb/gbr076

Cited by 67 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This confirms the previously studied cognitive bias of ''the framing effect,'' wherein people tend to avoid risk when a positive frame is presented and seek risk when a negative frame is presented [10]. This bias has significant implications in decision making and is often intentionally and unintentionally utilized in many areas of life including the political, financial, and healthcare fields [11]. One important intentional use of positive framing is in marketing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Tonsillectomy versus tonsillotomy: A study of parental preference

Stasio

Yang

Brietzke

et al. 2015

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Tonsillectomy versus tonsillotomy: A study of parental preference

Stasio

Yang

Brietzke

et al. 2015

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…Ultimately, the current analysis utilized 51 effect sizes across the two conditions (27 in the positively framed condition and 24 in the negatively framed condition) calculated from 18 studies. In the current analysis, multiple effect sizes were calculated from multiple independent samples in five articles (Kim, Goldstein, Hasher, & Zacks, 2005; Mather et al, 2012; Ronnlund, Karlsson, Laggnas, Larsson, & Lindstrom, 2005; Thomas & Millar, 2012; Woodhead, 2006). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age differences in the effect of framing on risky choice: A meta-analysis.

Best

Charness

2015

Psychology and Aging

100

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The framing of decision scenarios in terms of potential gains versus losses has been shown to influence choice preferences between sure and risky options. Normative cognitive changes associated with aging have been known to affect decision-making, which has led to a number of studies investigating the influence of aging on the effect of framing. Mata, Josef, Samanez-Larkin, and Hertwig (2011) systematically reviewed the available literature using a meta-analytic approach, but did not include tests of homogeneity nor subsequent moderator variable analyses. The current review serves to extend the previous analysis to include such tests as well as update the pool of studies available for analysis. Results for both positively and negatively framed conditions were reviewed using two meta-analyses encompassing data collected from 3,232 subjects across 18 studies. Deviating from the previous results, the current analysis finds a tendency for younger adults to choose the risky option more often than older adults for positively framed items. Moderator variable analyses find this effect to likely be driven by the specific decision scenario, showing a significant effect with younger adults choosing the risky option more often in small-amount financial and large-amount mortality-based scenarios. For negatively framed items, the current review found no overall age difference in risky decision making, confirming the results from the prior meta-analysis. Moderator variable analyses conducted to address heterogeneity found younger adults to be more likely than older adults to choose the risky option for negatively framed high-amount mortality-based decision scenarios. Practical implications for older adults are discussed.

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“…In European scientific tradition, which originated from antique time, there exist different theories of individuality [41,43,45,46,48], the most wide spread of which are: theory of tempers, individual distinctions by type of thinking, perception of information and so on [13,39,40,42,44,47].…”

Section: Purpose Tasks Of the Work Materials And Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concept of individual approach in sport

Kozina

Prusik

2015

PPS

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Annotation. Purpose: prove the concept of individual approach to sports training. Develop a common scheme ways individualization process of training athletes. Material: the study involved 149 athletes: 38 volleyball players and 111 players. Was carried out comprehensive testing athletes for 33 pedagogical, psycho-physiological, biochemical parameters. Also conducted an analysis of indicators of competitive activity. Results: we propose the following areas of the individualization process of preparation of athletes: 1 -systematization of mathematical indicators of preparedness and condition of the athlete in a single point in time; 2 -regression analysis of the dynamics of individual game performance athletes; 3 -the use of universal methods of individualization of various aspects of the training process. It is established that the individual characteristics of players in basketball and volleyball are connected not only with the anthropometric data, but also depend on the physiological and psychophysiological indicators. In this aspect there is provided use of cluster and factor analysis for the construction of individual training programs for players. It was found that the dynamics of the gaming performance is described by quadratic, cubic and sinusoidal functions. In the case of sinusoidal oscillation period of regression models in girls is 25-30 days, 31-38 days in boys. This allows to determine the most preferred times of increasing and reducing the efficiency of competitive. Conclusions: the concept of individual approach in sport involves the separation of a wide range of indicators leading factors in the individual structure of athletes, in the analysis and prediction of individual dynamics of competitive performance, to develop universal methods of individualization with the activation of awareness of various aspects of the training process.

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Reducing the Framing Effect in Older and Younger Adults by Encouraging Analytic Processing

Abstract: These results suggest that when information relevant to unbiased decision making was made more accessible, both older and younger adults were able to reduce susceptibility to the framing effect.

Cited by 67 publications

References 35 publications

Tonsillectomy versus tonsillotomy: A study of parental preference

Tonsillectomy versus tonsillotomy: A study of parental preference

Age differences in the effect of framing on risky choice: A meta-analysis.

The concept of individual approach in sport

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