Reducing the future threat from (liver) fluke: realistic prospect or quixotic fantasy?

Fairweather, Ian

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.05.034

Cited by 137 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 141 publications

(161 reference statements)

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“…The majority of isolates of Y. enterocolitica isolated from food and environmental sources are non-pathogenic types, and therefore discrimination between pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains for humans is necessary. No reports of Y. pseudotuberculosis have been published of isolates in food items tested during -2011(EFSA and ECDC, 2012, 2013b. Pigs are considered to be the primary reservoir for the human pathogenic types of Y. enterocolitica, and they can be isolated from the oral cavity, the submaxillary lymph nodes, the intestine and faeces (Nesbakken, 2006 …”

Section: Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis Yersinia Enterocoliticamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Information on fluke infestation at herd level allows farmers to develop and implement control programmes that can attempt to reduce risk factors and recommend the use of drugs in a more strategic fashion (Fairweather, 2011). Edwards et al, (1999) demonstrated that one-third of farmers would improve their animal husbandry if informed of the MI findings for their lambs.…”

Section: Impact Of Proposed Changes On Surveillance and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats

2013

EFSA Journal

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A risk ranking process identified Toxoplasma gondii and pathogenic verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) as the most relevant biological hazards for meat inspection of sheep and goats. As these are not detected by traditional meat inspection, a meat safety assurance system using risk-based interventions was proposed. Further studies are required on T. gondii and pathogenic VTEC. If new information confirms these hazards as a high risk to public health from meat from sheep or goats, setting targets at carcass level should be considered. Other elements of the system are risk-categorisation of flocks/herds based on improved Food Chain Information (FCI), classification of abattoirs according to their capability to reduce faecal contamination, and use of improved process hygiene criteria. It is proposed to omit palpation and incision from post-mortem inspection in animals subjected to routine slaughter. For chemical hazards, dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls were ranked as being of high potential concern. Monitoring programmes for chemical hazards should be more flexible and based on the risk of occurrence, taking into account FCI, which should be expanded to reflect the SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), the Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) was asked to deliver a Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by the inspection of meat from sheep and goats. The Panel was supported by the EFSA Panels on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) and Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) in the preparation of this Opinion. Briefly, the main risks for public health that should be addressed by meat inspection were identified and ranked; the strengths and weaknesses of the current meat inspection system were evaluated; recommendations were made for inspection methods fit for the purpose of meeting the overall objectives of meat inspection for hazards currently not covered by the meat inspection system; and recommendations for adaptations of inspection methods and/or frequencies of inspections that provide an equivalent level of protection were made. In addition, the implications for animal health and animal welfare of any changes proposed to current inspection methods were assessed.Sheep and goats were considered together, unless otherwise stated. Decision trees were developed and used for priority ranking of biological and chemical hazards present in meat from sheep and goats. For biological hazards the ranking was based on the magnitude of the human health impact, the severity of the disease in humans and the evidence supporting the role of meat from sheep and goats as a risk factor for disease in humans. The assessment was focused on the public health risks that may occur through the handling, preparation for consumption and/or consumption of meat from these species. The term 'priority' was considered more appropriate than 'risk' for categorizing the biological hazards associated with meat from small rumina...

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Section: Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis Yersinia Enterocoliticamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Of Proposed Changes On Surveillance and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats

2013

EFSA Journal

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“…Health talks could the organized at the abattoir to educate the public on the risk of consuming infected livers. Reduction of worm burden through chemotherapy and eradication should be encouraged (Mulcahy et al, 2001;Flynn et al, 2010;Fairweather, 2011). However, it should be noted that Fasciola hepatica can modulate the immune response to some co-infections and that only very few flukicidal drugs are available to treat bovine fascioliasis, many of which have low efficacy against juvenile stages of the parasite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered at Gombe abattoir, Nigeria

Adang¹,

Kela²,

Kashere³

2015

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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A study to determine the prevalence of fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered at the Gombe township abattoir was carried out from April -June 2009. Three hundred and twenty livers and bile ducts of four breeds of cattle slaughtered at the abattoir were examined for fascioliasis at postmortem. The four breeds of cattle were White Fulani (155), Red Bororo (92), Sokoto Gudali (53) and Muturu (20). An overall prevalence of 83 (25.9%) was recorded. The white Fulani breed was the most infected, with a prevalence of 56 (36.1%), Red Bororo 20 (21.7%), Sokoto Gudali 7 (13.2) and Muturu 0 (0.0%). Inspection by age and sex revealed that adults had a prevalence of 52 (37.4%), young adults 27 (20.1), and calves 4 (8.5%), while males had a prevalence of 66 (29.1%) and females 17 (18.3%). These differences were statistically significant. The study concludes that fascioliasis is prevalent in cattle in Gombe and could be of economic and public health significance.

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“…The incidence of the disease has increased in the last few years as a possible consequence of changes in the global climate. Future predictions also suggest that this trend is likely to continue [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Burden of Ovine Fasiolosis in Sherka Woreda Arsi, Ethiopia

Megerssa¹,

Jima²,

Diriba³

et al. 2017

J Vet Sci Technol

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Fasciolosis is an important helminthic infection causing economic losses due to morbidity and mortality thereby contributing to loss in productivity to livestock industry in Ethiopia. A cross sectional study was, therefore, conducted from December 2015 to April 2016 to determine the prevalence of ovine fasciolosis in four peasant associations in Shirka Woreda, Arsi, Ethiopia. Sedimentation technique was employed to detect Fasciola eggs during the study. A total of 384 sheep were involved in the study amongst which 118 were found to be positive with an overall prevalence of 30.70 per cent. Zenbabahella, Hanu Jawe, Sole Ferekesa and HelaTijoSero peasant associations (PAs) accounted for 35, 30.8, 34.8 and 23.076 per cent, respectively. The prevalence of fasciolosis was associated with different variables. Young sheep (31.62%) showed higher prevalence rate than adult sheep (29.6%). Prevalence of fasciolosis by sex was 35% and 29.2% in male and female, respectively. In addition, sheep with poor body condition (34%) showed higher prevalence than their counterparts. Over all, none of the variables has shown statistical difference (p>0.05). Therefore, based on the above information ovine fasciolosis was prevalent in the studied areas and could be potential basis for economic loss in these areas. Thus strategies aimed at the parasite and its intermediate host as well appropriate grazing management practices in the study area are recommended.

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Reducing the future threat from (liver) fluke: realistic prospect or quixotic fantasy?

Cited by 137 publications

References 141 publications

Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats

Scientific Opinion on the public health hazards to be covered by inspection of meat from sheep and goats

Fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered at Gombe abattoir, Nigeria

Burden of Ovine Fasiolosis in Sherka Woreda Arsi, Ethiopia

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