Reduction by two benzodiazepines and pentobarbitone of the multiunit activity in substantia nigra, hippocampus, nucleus locus coeruleus and nucleus raphé dorsalis of encéphale isolé rats

Laurent, Jean‐Paul; Mangold, M.; Humbel, Urs; Haefely, W.

doi:10.1016/0028-3908(83)90170-3

Cited by 67 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Indeed, it has been reported that benzodiazepines reduce the firing rate of LC neurones (Laurent et al 1983;Sanghera and German 1983;Simson and Weiss 1989). Paradoxically, however, this reduction in firing rate is not translated into a sympatholytic effect, as shown in the present experiment (see lack of effect of diazepam on pupil diameter after tropicamide treatment, above, and on parameters of the darkness reflex response, below).…”

Section: Effects Of Diazepam On Pupil Diameter Modified By Tropicamidcontrasting

confidence: 46%

Arousal and the pupil: why diazepam-induced sedation is not accompanied by miosis

et al. 2007

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Section: Effects Of Diazepam On Pupil Diameter Modified By Tropicamidcontrasting

confidence: 46%

Arousal and the pupil: why diazepam-induced sedation is not accompanied by miosis

et al. 2007

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“…BUS and DZP have differential effects on central monoaminergic activity. In electrophysiological studies in rats, both drugs have been found to produce inhibition of serotonergic neural activity in the dorsal raphe nucleus (Laurent et al, 1983;Vandermaelen and Wilderman, 1984). Although BUS and benzodiazepines exert similar effects on serotonin neurons, differences are observed in their actions on dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The firing rate of midbrain dopaminergic neurons is dramatically increased after administration of BUS (McMillen et al, 1983). In contrast, benzodiazepines decrease dopaminergic neural activity (Laurent et al, 1983). The decrease in serotonergic activity produced by these agents may account for anxiolysis, whereas their inhibition of catecholaminergic influences may produce sedation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Topographic pharmaco‐EEG mapping of increasing doses of buspirone and its comparison with diazepam

Barbanoj

Anderer

Antonijoan

et al. 1994

Human Psychopharmacology

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It has been argued that representative drugs of the main psychopharmacological classes induce similar pharmaco-EEG changes within groups but different changes between groups. The aim of this double-blind, cross-over, placebocontrolled study was to evaluate the effects of single oral doses of buspirone (BUS) 5, 15 and 30 mg in 15 healthy young subjects of both sexes on topographic maps of quantitative phannaco-EEG, using diazepam (DZP) 10 mg as reference compound. Sixteen lead recordings of three-minute vigilance-controlled EEG (V-EEG) and four-minute resting EEG (R-EEG) were assessed at 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after drug intake. EOG activity (vertical and horizontal) was also recorded in order to minimize ocular artifacts before applying an automatic artifact rejection method. MANOVNHotelling T2 maps (multivariate analysis) showed a highly significant differentiation of DZP from placebo from the 1st until the 8th hour all over the brain. After BUS a clear dose-response was observed with effects being greater and longer lasting with increasing doses, the highest showing a peak effect in the 2nd hour which lasted until the 4th hour, mostly in central regions. Maps of drug-induced pharmaco-EEG changes as compared to placebo-induced alterations (univariate analysis) demonstrated typical 'anxiolytic pharmaco-EEG patterns' after DZP, characterized by a decrease of total power, attenuation of alpha activity and augmentation of beta activity, as well as by an increase of the centroid and centroid deviation of the total activity. Furthermore, a decrease of the centroid of the combined delta-theta activity and an increase of the centroid of alpha activity was seen. In contrast, BUS produced an increase of theta activity with an acceleration of the centroid of the combined delta-theta activity, no modification of alpha activity but a slowing down of its centroid and a tendency to reduce beta activity. The centroid of the total activity was also decreased. Although both compounds have proven their ability to reduce anxiety in patients, their different neurophysiological profiles suggest different neurobiological mechanisms of action after acute administration.

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“…One postulated neurochemical substrate is brain NE, as it has been known for years that benzodiazepines inhibit the spontaneous or stress-induced release of catecholamines in the brain (Corrode et al 1971;Haefley et al 1983). Moreover, electrophysiological experiments have demonstrated that at widely different sites in the CNS, benzodiazepines inhibit neuronal firing ) including locus coeruleus NE neurons (Grant et al 1980).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depletion of brain norepinephrine: differential influence on anxiolyic treatment effects

1999

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Reduction by two benzodiazepines and pentobarbitone of the multiunit activity in substantia nigra, hippocampus, nucleus locus coeruleus and nucleus raphé dorsalis of encéphale isolé rats

Cited by 67 publications

References 24 publications

Arousal and the pupil: why diazepam-induced sedation is not accompanied by miosis

Arousal and the pupil: why diazepam-induced sedation is not accompanied by miosis

Topographic pharmaco‐EEG mapping of increasing doses of buspirone and its comparison with diazepam

Depletion of brain norepinephrine: differential influence on anxiolyic treatment effects

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