Reduction Foreheadplasty: For Reducing the Vertical Height of Forehead and Facial Proportion.

Abstract

Background A face is considered beautiful if the forehead is presented with a width and proportion similar to the golden ratio or so called Cannon ratio. The most previously performed plastic surgeries on the forehead was a procedure to fill depressed parts so as to make the appearance of a smooth but convex three-dimensional forehead. However, this study focused on making a beautiful facial contour from the creation of a forehead adequately proportional to the overall ratio through a method of correcting the large forehead. Methods Based on the measurement by gliding test, start the designing in a zig-zag form along the hair line. Flap is dissected as designed between the galea aponeurotica and above the periosteum. In order to reposition and fix the scalp flap to the desired place, Endotine forehead ® is used. Results The amount of forehead reduction ranged from 12 to 23 mm, the average being 15.9 mm. The post-operative scar was matured 5 to 6 months after the surgery, and became faded and invisible in most of the patients. Conclusions The method used by the authors may be referred to as a surgical method with an emphasis on reducing the area on the forehead directly. This was done by lowering the location of the trichion, shortening the length of the forehead, and consequently reducing the size of a broad forehead. Satisfactory results were obtained from the tension-minimized forehead reduction procedure used in this study.

Forehead/Brow Reduction or Augmentation with Custom Implants for Enhanced Facial Profileplasty

“…This is a scalp advancement which is done by undermining and mobilizing the entire scalp all the way back to the nuchal ridge of the occiput. 9,10 Combined with galeal releases, the frontal hairline may be capable of being lowered 2 to 3 cm in many patients (►Fig. 22).…”