Reduction in Parotid Amylase After Hypophysectomy1

Baker, Burton L.; Klegman, Jerome H.; Logan, Robert G.; Garner, Raymond L.

doi:10.1210/endo-59-2-254

Cited by 11 publications

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“…In rats, hypophysectomy is followed by a reduction in the weight and amylase content of the parotid glands (82). Similarly, there is a reduction in the weight and tubular atrophy of the submaxillary glands with a loss of enzymatic activity; this process is corrected by the simultaneous ad ministration of testosterone and thyroxine (83,84).…”

Section: Anterior Pituitarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrinology

Asper¹,

Wilson²

1958

Annu. Rev. Med.

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Progress in endocrinology has been rapid. So large is the field that in one year's harvest an entire chapter could be devoted to each of the endo crine glands. Remarkable achievements have been in many instances be cause of the successful application of newer techniques such as chromatog raphy, radioisotope tracer procedures, and microchemical analyses. In this review an appraisal has been made of experimental work relating to the anterior pituitary, thyroid, adrenal cortex, parathyroid, and pancreas. ANTERIOR PITUITARYMuch interest has been shown in the hormones of the anterior pituitary. Variability of experimental data pertaining to these hormones has resulted, in large measure, from the use of impure preparations and, although im proved methods of purification have become available, they remain expen sive and laborious. Highly purifi ed hormones are now obtainable for re search purposes from the Endocrinology Section of the National Institutes of Health (1), and it seems likely that'their use will lead to a better appraisal of the specifi c action of these substances.For many years attempts have been made to ascribe specific hormonal functions to the various cells of the pituitary. At first there was only con jecture, but later assignation of function to specific cell types was based on histological examination of the pituitary in patients with various glandular disorders. More recently, special stains and solvents, bioassays, and selective destruction of minute parts of the pituitary have been applied to this analy sis. Many such studies have been performed and the definitive results of a recent project are outlined by Barrnett et al.(2 ). These workers show that thyrotropic, follicle-stimulating, and luteinizing hormones are localized to those basophiles which have an affinity for periodic acid-Schiff stain.Gro wth ho rmone (GH}.-It has been recognized that growth hormone from bovine or porcine sources is ineffective in man. Indeed, a degree of 'The survey of literature pertaining to this review was completed in August, 1957.For the sake of brevity the abbreviation et ai, is used when three or more authors' names appear on a paper. S The following abbreviations are used: GH (growth hormone); ACTH (adrenocorticotropin); MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hor;mone); TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone); FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone); LH (luteinizing hormone) : PBI (protein-bound iodine) : BMR (basal metabolic rate): TBP (thy roxine-binding protein) : PTH (parathyroid hormone ) : GFR (glomerular filtration rate): Tmp (maximal rate of tubular reabsorption of phosphorus by kidney): Tmo (maximal rate of tubular reabsorption of glucose by kidney).

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Section: Anterior Pituitarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrinology

Asper¹,

Wilson²

1958

Annu. Rev. Med.

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A histochemical and biochemical study of the parotid gland in normal and hypophysectomized rats

Dewey

1958

Am. J. Anat.

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Ann. Arbor TWENTY FIGURESBaker and Abrams ( '55) demonstrated a marked reduction in weight of the parotid gland after hypophysectomy. Concurrently, the acinar cells became smaller, were depleted of zymogenic granules and their amylase content was reduced (Baker et al., '56). These observations suggest that maintenance of the normal structure and function of the parotid gland is dependent on the action of hormones.Additional interest in the relationship of the parotid gland to the endocrine system is created by the postulation that it is itself an endocrine organ. Ito ('54) and I t o and Okabe ('55) reported the chemical characteristics of a purified protein which they called parotin, that was extracted from the parotid gland of cattle and from human saliva. It was believed to be the salivary gland hormone described previously by Ogata (cited by Ito, '54). The following observations led to the theory that secretion of parotin mediates the action of pituitary growth hormone. The tibia1 epiphysis failed to respond to pituitary growth hormone in hypophysectomized-sialo-

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The effects of hypophysectomy on the digestive glands of the mouse

Koerker

1967

Am. J. Anat.

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The objective was to observe the influence of hypophysectomy on the secretory cells of digestive glands in the mouse and to compare these findings with those reported for other mammalian species. Hypophysectomy of the mouse induced involutional changes in glandular cells concerned with secretion of proteins and mucins, and in those involved in ion transport or release. Gastric chief cells, pancreatic acinar cells, and serous cells of submandibular tubules were markedly involuted; acinar cells of the parotid gland were changed less significantly. Gastric mucous neck cells and mucous acinar cells of the submandibular and sublingual glands contained less secretory material. A colloidal iron-positive variety of mucous neck cell became dominant. These changes were less profound than those which occurred in most types 1 Supported in part by research grant AM 00131-14 from the United States Public Health Service.ZFrom a dissertation submitted in partia! fuIfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree.

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Reduction in Parotid Amylase After Hypophysectomy1

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Endocrinology

Endocrinology

A histochemical and biochemical study of the parotid gland in normal and hypophysectomized rats

The effects of hypophysectomy on the digestive glands of the mouse

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