Reduction of aromatic nitro compounds with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of an iron oxide hydroxide catalyst. I. The reduction of monosubstituted nitrobenzenes with hydrazine hydrate in the presence of ferrihydrite

Preparation of FeO(OH) Modified with Polyethylene Glycol and Its Catalytic Activity on the Reduction of Nitrobenzene with Hydrazine Hydrate

“…amorphous materials. The patterns are similar to that of the so-called 2-line-ferrihydrite whose structure has not been fully established, but is assumed to resemble that of hematite [11,12]. However, no diffraction peak of PEG is observable for FeO(OH)-PEG, suggesting that the structure of PEG was destroyed.…”

“…Among the hydrogen donors, hydrazine hydrate is a suitable alternative for CTH due to its high activity and low cost. The reduction of nitroarenes with hydrazine hydrate could be catalyzed by a variety of cata-lysts such as Pd [5], Rh [6], Raney Ni [7], actived carbon [8,9], Fe3O4 [10,11] and iron(III) compounds [12], etc. The iron-based compounds are generally cheaper, but their catalytic properties are not desirable.…”

“…Among the iron oxides, amorphous iron oxyhydroxide has highest activity [12]. However, amorphous FeO(OH) could convert into α-Fe2O3 easily in the reaction, which would decrease the catalytic activity [13].…”

Application of Hydrazine Hydrate in the Synthesis of Octa(aminophenyl)silsesquioxane (OAPS) Poss

“…The reduction of aromatic nitro compounds with hydrazine or hydrazine hydrate, illustrated in Figure 5, represents a special variation of the catalytic reduction, where hydrazine is the source of the hydrogen. The hydrogen can be generated by a variety of H-transfer catalysis [13]. Especially with the use of noble metal catalysts, such as Pd, Pt or Ru, but also with the application of Ni, Cu or Fe, the catalytic hydrazine reduction gives high yields comparable to or better than the catalytic hydrogenation.…”

“…With a large variety of catalysts (e.g. Ni, Cu, Co, Cr, Fe, Sn, Ag, Pt, Pd, Zn, Ti, Mo, metal oxides and sulphides) [12,13] and under a wide range of reaction conditions in most cases the corresponding amine is obtained quantitatively without the production of waste products [14,15]. Because of the exothermic nature of the reaction and the need for a closed high-pressure system, numerous safety precautions have to be taken.…”