Reduction of Four-Wave-Mixing Crosstalk in a Short Fiber-Optical Parametric Amplifier

Fiber nonlinearity mitigation of WDM-PDM QPSK/16-QAM signals using fiber-optic parametric amplifiers based multiple optical phase conjugations

“…The signals experienced ~10 dB on-off gain in the FOPA and the phase-conjugated idlers were generated with a positive conversion efficiency of ~9 dB. Note that higher pump power with a shorter HNLF would be more desirable since it could offer broader working bandwidth and less nonlinear effect generated by the signal [27].…”

Novel Raman Parametric Hybrid L-Band Amplifier with Four-Wave Mixing Suppressed Pump for Terabits Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexed Systems

“…In RA-FOPAs, long HNLF length is required to maximize the Raman gain. But at the same time, long HNLF lengths result in increased four-wave mixing cross talk products [17]. Though gain enhancement is achieved, in conventional RA-FOPAs, most energy from the Raman amplifier is trapped in the parametric pump at the output end of the amplifier.…”

Crosstalk Reduction by Backward Raman Pumping in Multi-Wavelength Fiber Optical Parametric Amplification

“…The crosstalk still limits the practical application of FOPAs for high-capacity WDM communications involving a number of channels [4]. One approach to reduce the FWM-induced crosstalk in a FOPA is to use short fiber with high-power pump [5]. In addition to fiber length, power evolution of the original signal also determines the output power of the spurious FWM tones.…”