Reduction of substituted benzonitrile pesticides

New proton donors in electrochemical mechanistic studies in non-aqueous solution dimethylsulfoxide: Chlorinated hydroxybenzonitriles

“…Nevertheless this compound can act as a proton donor for the 3-iodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile 4. It was reported in literature [2], that the second polarographic wave of ioxynil 3 (Fig. 3, labelled as II) corresponds to the reduction of 3-iodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile 4, the reduction product of 3.…”

“…Its mode of action involves the inhibition of the electron transfer in the Photosystem II receptor site [1]. 3-Chloro-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile 2 is one of decomposition products of 1 formed by the reductive cleavage of chlorine from its molecule [2]. The chemical structure of 1 and 2 is shown in Scheme 1.…”

On reduction of the drug diflunisal in non-aqueous media

“…The third irreversible reduction wave of 2 is associated with two electron reduction of carbon-chlorine bond. The reductive cleavage of a series of organic halides, including haloaromatic compounds, has been widely investigated in the literature [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]; it has been proved that the rate of cleavage of the halide ion from the anion radical decreases in the order…”

Electrochemical Dehalogenation of Organic Pollutants

“…Although reduction and photodegradation of halogenated benzonitriles have been studied previously [119], exact mechanisms were only recently elucidated. Sokolová and coworkers [120] carried out bulk electrolyses of ioxynil (11), bromoxynil (12), and chloroxynil (13) in DMSO, which resulted in the removal of one halogen atom from each compound.…”