Reductive alkylation of coals in ether solvents

Wachowska, Helena; Kozłowski, Mieczysław

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(94)90282-8

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The demineralized coal was reduced (1 and 4 times) and reductively butylated (1 and 4 times) in the potassium-liquid ammonia system. The reduction and reductive butylation of coal were carried out according to the procedure given below [22][23][24].…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of reduction and butylation on coal: Application of microwave saturation of two-component EPR spectra

et al. 2003

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Changes in individual groups of paramagnetic centers after reduction and reductive butylation of Polish flame coal (70.8 wt.% C) were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The modero method of reductive butylation of coal in a potassium-liquid ammonia system was used. This process increases the solubility of coal in organic solvents. Microwave saturation of EPR spectra was applied to test the spin-lattice relaxation in coal. The measured EPR spectra were a superposition of broad (ABpp, 0.424).49 mT) and narrow (ABpp, 0.09-0.13 toT) Lorentz lines. Paramagnetic centers located in simple and multiring aromatic structures were responsible for the broad and narrow lines, respectively. Microwave saturation indicates that slow and fast spin-lattice relaxation processes are characteristic for these two types of structures in the original coal. A decrease of the microwave power saturation of the broad Lorentz line after a single reduction of coal was observed. It inereased for both 4 times reduced coal and reductively butylated coal. As the result of multiple reduction and butylation, spin-lattice relaxation processes in simple coal aromatic units were fastened. The narrow Lorentz lines of both 4 times reduced and reductively butylated coal were saturated and the spin-lattiee relaxation time increased.

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Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work the modem method of reductive butylation of coal in a potassium-liquid ammonia system was used. This method was developed by one of the authors of the present work [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%