Refeeding hypertension in dietary obesity

Ernsberger, Paul; Nelson, D. R.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1988.254.1.r47

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although it is well known that obesity and hypertension are closely related in humans, and insulin resistance has been implicated as the cause of this hypertension (6), the relationship between body weight and blood pressure levels may be more complicated and is not yet clear in animal models. While Ernsberger et al (9) claimed that WC increases blood pressure, Contreras et al (3) found that WC did not alter blood pressure in rats. Our results agree with the latter finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Long‐Term Weight Cycling in Female Wistar Rats: Effects on Metabolism

Buison

Uhley

et al. 1995

Obesity Research

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LU, HUIQING, ANNE BUlSON, VIRGINIA UHLEY AND K-L CATHERINE JEN. Long-term weight cycling in female Wistar rats: effects on metabolism. Obes Res. 1995;3:521-530. Weight cycling (We) induced by ad-lib and restricted high fat (HF) feeding has been shown to reduce final body weight but not body fat percent in female Wistar rats. We examined the metabolic consequences of this type of WC. Five groups of female Wistar rats were fed a HF diet and the sixth group was fed a low fat diet to serve as a control group. Of the five HF groups, four groups were weight cycled by ad-lib and restricted feeding of the HF diet. One of these groups weight cycled three times (HFCYC group) while the remaining three groups weight cycled once only, corresponding to the first, second and the third cycle of the HFCYC group. HF feeding induced hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance and elevated adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (AT -LPL) activity levels as compared to rats fed the low fat (LF) control diet. WC further increased blood insulin concentrations and insulin resistance in rats with three cycles of WC. However, blood pressure was not affected by HF feeding or WC. The magnitude of increase of AT-LPL was reduced in weight cycled, HF fed obese rats after 15 weeks refeeding. We concluded that even though WC did not enhance weight gain nor impair weight loss, it did facilitate the development of . insulin resistance and may predispose animals to diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Ernsberger and Nelson (9) claimed that WC increases blood pres-, sure while Contreras et al (3) found that WC did not alter blood pressure level in rats. More studies need to explore this phenomenon further.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long‐Term Weight Cycling in Female Wistar Rats: Effects on Metabolism

Buison

Uhley

et al. 1995

Obesity Research

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“…Such cycles have been related to hypertension in animal models. [4][5][6][7] In addition there is a significant change in the daily patterns of behaviour. People may wake up before sunrise for the first meal, return to sleep, fast for the rest of the day, and some add an afternoon nap during this month.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] There have been several animal studies that have shown that hypertension can be caused or exacerbated by cycles of fasting and refeeding. [4][5][6][7] Initially, during the fast, there is a reduction in blood pressure. This reduction was shown, in one study, to be related to the nutritional state as opposed to the actual weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the fast of Ramadan on ambulatory blood pressure in treated hypertensives

et al. 2001

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Every year, millions of Moslems throughout the world fast from sunrise till sunset daily during the month of Ramadan, that is, experience repeated cycles of fastingrefeeding. Studies in animal models have shown that repeated cycles of fasting-refeeding may cause or exacerbate hypertension. Changes in sleeping patterns as well as changes in medication timing may also influence ambulatory blood pressure. We undertook this study in order to examine the effect of the Ramadan fast on treated hypertensive subjects. Seventeen hypertensive subjects were examined, and 24-h blood pressure monitoring was carried out twice, before and during the last week of the Ramadan. All continued their medications, which were all once-daily preparations. Twenty-

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“…3 A few strains of spontaneously obese, hypertensive rats have been described, but frankly increased blood pressure also occurs in the nonobese littermates used as control rats. 45 Thus, these strains are of limited use in studying the pathogenesis of hypertension associated with obesity because the increased blood pressure is largely independent of the obese genotype.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Zucker fatty rat as a genetic model of obesity and hypertension.

1989

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The association of hypertension with obesity has long been recognized; however, because of the lack of suitable animal models of obesity and hypertension, the pathogenesis of the high blood pressure associated with obesity remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that the Zucker fatty rat, a widely studied model of obesity and insulin resistance, might also be characterized by hypertension. Mean arterial pressure directly measured in the unanesthetized, unrestrained obese (fatty) Zucker rat was significantly greater than in two strains of nonobese control rats, the lean Zucker rat and the Lewis rat. The greater blood pressure in the obese rats was not dependent on hyperphagia or increased body weight per se since moderate caloric restriction, achieved by pair-feeding with lean rats, decreased weight gain but did not attenuate hypertension. Pair-fed obese rats retained less sodium than lean control rats, suggesting that greater blood pressure in the obese rats is not a consequence of increased renal retention of sodium. A unique feature of the Zucker strain is that the increased blood pressure appears to be specifically associated with the obese genotype. The findings suggest that the obese Zucker rat might provide a useful experimental model of obesity and hypertension. (Hypertension 1989;13:896-901) T he association of clinical hypertension (high blood pressure) with obesity is well recognized. In a recent survey in which body weight and blood pressure were measured in 1 million Americans, Stamler et al 1 found that hypertension was twice as prevalent in younger overweight subjects and 50% more prevalent in older obese individuals than in normal-weight control subjects. However, despite the well-established association between obesity and hypertension, the pathophysiological relation between obesity and hypertension remains poorly understood. Lack of information regarding the pathogenesis of the high blood pressure associated with obesity has been attributed, in part, to the lack of suitable animal models of obesity and hypertension.

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Refeeding hypertension in dietary obesity

Cited by 42 publications

References 34 publications

Long‐Term Weight Cycling in Female Wistar Rats: Effects on Metabolism

Long‐Term Weight Cycling in Female Wistar Rats: Effects on Metabolism

The effect of the fast of Ramadan on ambulatory blood pressure in treated hypertensives

The Zucker fatty rat as a genetic model of obesity and hypertension.

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