Reference Correlation of the Viscosity of Squalane from 273 to 373 K at 0.1 MPa

Abstract

International audienceThe paper presents a new reference correlation for the viscosity of squalane at 0.1 MPa. The correlation should be valuable as it is the first to cover a moderately high viscosity range, from 3 to 118 mPa s. It is based on new viscosity measurements carried out for this work, as well as other critically evaluated experimental viscosity data from the literature. The correlation is valid from 273 to 373 K at 0.1 MPa. The average absolute percentage deviation of the fit is 0.67, and the expanded uncertainty, with a coverage factor k = 2, is 1.5%

Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) a potential reference fluid for high viscosity. Part I: Viscosity measurements at temperatures from (303 to 373) K and pressures up to 65 MPa, using a novel vibrating-wire instrument

“…The knowledge of the viscosity of petroleum fluids at the oil reservoir temperatures and pressures seems at present to be a need of the oil exploration industries [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Moreover, several other industrial activities dealing with high viscosity fluids are also in need of reference materials for viscosity or of on-line high viscosity measurements.…”

“…As a consequence, there is, at present, a demand for new industrial viscosity standards with various viscosities, at high pressures and high temperatures. Industrial viscosity standards with adequate viscosity could be used for calibration and tests of industrial viscometers for use in-well, or on-line, at the adequate working conditions [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Since, in industry the range of viscosity of useful fluids varies over several orders of magnitude, a number of "industrial reference materials", covering a large spectrum of practical conditions, are required to calibrate or verify the calibration of those instruments [8].…”

“…As a consequence, the International Association for Transport Properties (IATP) has been developing efforts in order to respond to the demand of industrial viscosity standards [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In particular, IATP has proposed an industrial viscosity standard for moderately high viscosity [DIDP] and, more recently, has created an internal project regarding the search of a high viscosity industrial viscosity standard fluid, and at high pressures and high temperatures.…”

“…In fact, in the last decades, viscosity reference data of low viscosity fluids [12][13][14][15][16] and moderately high viscosity fluids [6,8,9], have been proposed under the auspices of STP-IUPAC and IATP.…”

“…However, for two samples from different suppliers but with the same purity (99.8% pure) the difference between their viscosities was within AE0.3%, showing those samples with eventually a different distribution of isomers, but with a similar overall purity, had essentially the same viscosity, well within the experimental uncertainty. Nevertheless, several authors [5,6,9] have recently shown some doubts regarding the use of DIDP as a standard reference fluid. One important reason for this lies in the fact that the supplier of the high purity samples primarily used for the establishment of the DIDP reference data [8] is reported to have discontinued its production [9].…”