Reference values for the cervical spinal canal and the vertebral bodies by MRI in a general population

Nell, Christopher; Bülow, Robin; Hosten, Norbert; Schmidt, Carsten Oliver; Hegenscheid, Katrin

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222682

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Nell et al measured normal values for the spinal canal in 2.453 subjects. Neither sex nor body weight or BMI had a significant influence on the width of the spinal canal [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SHIP-MR and Radiology: 12 Years of Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Single Center

et al. 2021

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The Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), a population-based study from a rural state in northeastern Germany with a relatively poor life expectancy, supplemented its comprehensive examination program in 2008 with whole-body MR imaging at 1.5 T (SHIP-MR). We reviewed more than 100 publications that used the SHIP-MR data and analyzed which sequences already produced fruitful scientific outputs and which manuscripts have been referenced frequently. Upon reviewing the publications about imaging sequences, those that used T1-weighted structured imaging of the brain and a gradient-echo sequence for R2* mapping obtained the highest scientific output; regarding specific body parts examined, most scientific publications focused on MR sequences involving the brain and the (upper) abdomen. We conclude that population-based MR imaging in cohort studies should define more precise goals when allocating imaging time. In addition, quality control measures might include recording the number and impact of published work, preferably on a bi-annual basis and starting 2 years after initiation of the study. Structured teaching courses may enhance the desired output in areas that appear underrepresented.

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“…Nell et al measured normal values for the spinal canal in 2.453 subjects. Neither sex nor body weight or BMI had a significant influence on the width of the spinal canal [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SHIP-MR and Radiology: 12 Years of Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Single Center

et al. 2021

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“…Although all subjects were healthy, some had minor pathological and clinical problems, which might have affected the findings. Due to the excellent intra- and interobserver reproducibility of MRI measurements, measurements were performed only once by a single observer [ 28 ]. These objective measurements were carried out by an experienced radiology technician with an excellent knowledge of the human anatomy [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Occupation and Cervical Disc Degeneration in 1211 Asymptomatic Subjects

Machino

Nakashima

Ito

et al. 2022

JCM

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system has frequently observed degenerative changes in the cervical discs of healthy subjects. Although there are concerns regarding the link between an individual’s occupation and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) in the cervical spine, whether the occupation affects IDD is still not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the occupation and IDD interplay using cervical spine MRI among a cohort of healthy individuals, and to evaluate any association between the type of labor and IDD. Using MRI, we prospectively measured at every level, the anteroposterior (AP) intervertebral disc diameter and disc height, in a cohort of 1211 healthy volunteers (606 (50%) male; mean age, 49.5 years). Using a minimum of 100 male and female each from the third to eighth decades of age (20–79 years), IDD was evaluated based on the modified Pfirrmann classification system to derive a disc degeneration score (DDS). We also measured the AP diameters of disc protrusion and of the dural sac as well as the spinal cord. The overall DDS and number of disc protrusions increased with age. Among 11 occupations, there were no significant differences in AP diameter of the dural sac as well as the spinal cord. For the four labor types (heavy object handling, same position maintenance, cervical extension position, and cervical flexion position), there were no significant differences in overall DDS and number of disc protrusions, with or without work. Also, among the four labor types, there were no significant differences in the AP diameter of the dural sac as well as the spinal cord. In this cross-sectional survey of cervical spine MRI data among healthy adult volunteers, occupation and type of labor might have no effect on IDD in the cervical spine.

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“…For example, studies have reported that height may affect spinal morphometric measurements. [9,18] Future studies using anthropometric measurement information can provide useful information on this subject. Second, intra-and inter-observer variability could not be evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Analysis of Cervical Spinal Cord and Spinal Canal with Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Turkish Adults

Dağ

Kaydu

Cansiz

et al. 2021

Journal of Contemporary Medicine

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Aim:We aimed to evaluate the normal values of cervical spinal canal diameter and spinal cord diameter-area by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adult Turkish population, in this study. It was investigated whether the values changed according to age, gender and spinal cord levels. Material and Method:We retrospectively examined cervical MRI of 300 adult patients (150 female / 150 male). The patients were divided into 3 groups (18-39, 40-59 and over 60 years old) according to their age. Spinal canal and spinal cord diameter were measured in the sagittal plane and the spinal cord area in the axial plane from the C3 and C6 levels.Results: Gender affects the normal values of the cervical spinal canal and spinal cord diameter. Both spinal cord and spinal canal measurements were found to be higher in men than in women. Spinal cord diameter and area were found to be lower at the C6 level than at the C3 level, regardless of gender. Both spinal canal diameter and spinal cord area decreased from cranial to caudal (C3-C6). Significant differences were detected in our data in the evaluation of age-related groups, and age was found to be effective in determining the normal parameter. Conclusion:In conclusion, cervical spinal canal and spinal cord measurements in healthy individuals vary depending on age, gender and cord level.

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Reference values for the cervical spinal canal and the vertebral bodies by MRI in a general population

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

SHIP-MR and Radiology: 12 Years of Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Single Center

SHIP-MR and Radiology: 12 Years of Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Single Center

Association between Occupation and Cervical Disc Degeneration in 1211 Asymptomatic Subjects

Morphometric Analysis of Cervical Spinal Cord and Spinal Canal with Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Turkish Adults

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