Refined cottonseed oil as a replacement for soybean oil in broiler diet

Abstract

With the shortage of common vegetable fat sources, such as soybean oil ( SBO ), it is urgent to find alternative oil sources for broiler producers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of refined cottonseed oil ( CSO ) as a replacement for SBO in broiler diets. A total of 180 chickens at 1 d of age were randomly assigned to five treatments of six replicates. One treatment was the basal diet (control), and the other four experimental diets were formulated from the basal diet by replacing (w/w) 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the SBO with refined CSO (only containing 0.2% cyclopropenoid fatty acids, and no free gossypol was detected). At the end of week 6, blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein and the breast muscle was aseptically isolated from two birds per replicate. The results showed that substitution of CSO for low‐level SBO had no significant effect ( p > 0.05) on broiler performance during the starter period (week 1–3), while 50% level of CSO inclusion significantly increased ( p < 0.05) ADG and improved FCR compared with the control group during the finisher period (week 4–6). Broilers fed 100% CSO diets had lower ( p < 0.05) levels of serum total protein ( TP ), albumin ( ALB ), cholesterol ( CHO ) concentrations, and serum alkaline phosphatase ( AKP ) activity than that of the control broilers. Furthermore, the serum antioxidant status appeared to be enhanced by CSO . Additionally, high levels of CSO (75 and 100%) significantly increased the proportions of C14:0 and C18:0 but decreased the proportions of C18:1n9t, C18:2n6c, and ∑ n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast muscles of broilers. Overall, the SBO could be replaced with refined CSO up to 50% in diets for broilers without adversely affecting the performance, liver functions, and breast muscle fatty acid composition of these broilers.

Influence of Thermally Oxidized Vegetable Oil and Animal Fats on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Carcass Parameters and Meat Quality of Broilers

“…It has also been reported that oxidized fat sources in the diet of the broiler decrease digestibility and lead to poor performance of the broilers (Børsting et al, 1994;Hussein & Kratzer 1982) Variable results of addition of oxidized oil in the diet of broiler on the performance of broilers depend upon the source of fat, degree of oxidation and conditions that caused the oxidation of fats. It has been reported that fat origin and the oxidation condition of fat (e.g., extent of temperature, time of heating, presence of oxygen and catalysts, and water activity) effect differently on the performance of the broilers when included in the diet of broilers (Lin et al, 1989;Engberg et al, 1996;Anjum et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2019). Gopalakrishna & Prabhakar (1986) reported that the origin of fats and the condition of oxidation of fats results in production of a significant amount of oxidation products.…”

“…Among available oil sources for broilers feed, vegetable oils are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and are highly digestible for broilers. However, polyunsaturated fatty acids are highly sensitive towards oxidation during storage that could be detrimental for the growth and health of broilers (Jakobsen et al, Børsting et al, 1994;1993;Engberg et al, 1996;Anjum et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2019).…”

“…A lot of work has been done to evaluate the effect of oxidized oil on the broiler production, however, the results of oxidized oils on the broiler production are conflicting (Jakobsen et al, Børsting et al, 1994;1993;Engberg et al, 1996;Anjum et al, 2004;Yang et al, 2019). Oertel & Hartfiel (1982) reported that the addition of oxidized soybean oil @ 7% in the diet of broilers had no effect on feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of growing broilers.…”

Identification and analysis of oil candidate genes revealed the molecular basis of oil accumulation in Gossypium hirsutum&nbsp;L. for cottonseed biofuels development

“…Cottonseed oil has a great potential as an alternative commercial source of biofuels production [33,34] and edible oil [35] rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The investigation of molecular regulatory mechanism of fatty acid synthesis in developing cotton ovules is pivotal for cottonseed biodiesel development.…”

“…Ma et al [39] reported that cottonseed oil accumulates rapidly from approximately 20 DPA in cotton ovules. Therefore, we focused on genes with signi cantly higher expression levels at the early-middle stages (-3-20 DPA) of ovule development than those in the late stages (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). In the end, total 19 candidate genes expressed in developing cotton ovules were considered to be related to cottonseed oil accumulation (Additional le 6: Table S6).…”