Reformulation of the Health Protection/Health Promotion Model

Abstract

The Health Protection/Health Promotion Model is reviewed and reformulated. The original model had the following two shortcomings: a) it was largely designed for acute illness and therefore did not adequately reflect the needs of clients experiencing chronic illnesses and b) it did not consider the approaches brought on by the positive psychology movement. Thus, the reformulated Health Protection/Health Promotion Model has been altered in two substantive ways. First, it attempts to better reflect the needs of clients with chronic illnesses; second, it has added positive psychology to extend the theoretical foundation of the initial Health Protection/Health Promotion Model.

Physical Activity as Treatment for Depression in Recreation Therapy: Transitioning from Research to Practice

“…• Recreational therapists should use self-efficacy and self-determination theories to address motivational issues. Strategies drawn from the HP/HP model (Austin, 1998) and the Flourishing through Leisure Model (Anderson & Heyne, 2012) may be employed to improve client motivation to engage in physical activity. • In order to enhance self-efficacy, recreational therapists should set realistic goals based on client's level of functioning and their activity preferences.…”

“…Recreational therapists allow the clients to have more choice and control over the course of the treatment, as hypothesized by the HP/HP model (Austin, 1998). In later phases of physical activity programs, the focus should be on reinforcing perceived fitness gains, goal achievement, and sense of control over the body and its functioning as these are sources of mastery experience.…”

“…Recreational therapists could effectively address the issue of motivation and assume leadership roles in physical activity intervention for depression. RT theories such as Health Protection/ Health Promotion (HP/HP) Model (Austin, 1998) and Flourishing through Leisure Model (Anderson & Heyne, 2012) support the influence of self-efficacy and self-determination, both of which are important ingredients for motivation. RT professionals influence self-efficacy by facilitating the sources of self-efficacy such as mastery experience, verbal persuasion, and vicarious experience (Bandura, 1994).…”

A four‐part ecological model of community‐focused therapeutic recreation and life skills services for children and youth with disabilities

“…2002; Dijkers 2010). Recreation refers to pursuits that allow us to restore ourselves, whereas leisure is a means to self‐actualization and personal growth (Austin 1998). Through participation, children establish relationships, acquire skills and competence, discover talents and abilities and learn societal expectations (King et al .…”

The moderating role of leisure participation in work–leisure conflict for the reduction of burnout in hotels and travel agencies

“…Leisure, in this context is defined as time spent relaxing and engaging in activities from which one derives pleasure and a feeling of release (Kadushin, ). A lack of participation in leisure activities often leads to depression, while engaging in leisure activity has the potential to enhance the quality of life of employees (Austin, ). For this reason, the topic of leisure participation has become increasingly essential and has drawn the attention of scholars in the area of organisational research (Chick & Hood, ; Kelly, ; Snir & Harpaz, ).…”