Refractive error, accommodation and lens opacification in adults born preterm and full‐term: Results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (<scp>GPES</scp>)

Hufschmidt-Merizian

Gißler

et al. 2022

JCM

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Background/Aims: This study aimed to analyze the effects of perinatal history on tear film properties and lid geometry in adults born preterm. Methods: The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (GPES) is a German prospective examination of adults born preterm and term aged 18 to 52 years with Keratograph® 5M and Schirmer test I. Main outcome measures were first non-invasive tear film break-up time (F-NITBUT), bulbar redness (BR), Schirmer test, and nasal palpebral angle measurement. The associations with gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), and BW percentile, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), ROP treatment, and other perinatal factors were evaluated using regression analyses. Results: 489 eyes of 255 preterm and 277 eyes of 139 full-term individuals (aged 28.6 +/− 8.8 years, 220 females) were included. Of these, 33 participants (56 eyes) had a history of spontaneously regressed ROP and 9 participants (16 eyes) had a history of ROP treatment. After adjustment for age and sex, lower F-NITBUT (<20 s) was associated with ROP treatment (OR = 4.42; p = 0.025). Lower GA correlated with increased bulbar redness (B = −0.02; p = 0.011) and increased length of wetting in the Schirmer test (B = −0.69; p = 0.003). Furthermore, low GA was associated with narrowing of the nasal palpebral angle (B = 0.22; p = 0.011) adjusted for age and sex, but not when considering ROP in the multivariable model. Conclusion: Our analyses indicate that perinatal history affects ocular surface properties, tear production and lid geometry in adults born term and preterm. This might indicate that affected persons have a predisposition to diseases of the corneal surface such as the dry eye disease.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry Eye Parameters and Lid Geometry in Adults Born Extremely, Very, and Moderately Preterm with and without ROP: Results from the Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study

Hufschmidt-Merizian

Gißler

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…From each month from 1969 to 2002, six (3 males and 3 females) randomly selected full‐term subjects with a birth weight between the 10th and 90th percentile were also invited to serve as controls. The study examinations were performed between 2019 and 2021 as reported earlier 27‐35 . The flow chart for eligibility and effective recruitment efficacy proportion is displayed in Figure S1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study examinations were performed between 2019 and 2021 as reported earlier. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] The flow chart for eligibility and effective recruitment efficacy proportion is displayed in Figure S1. Each recruited participant underwent a detailed ophthalmological examination including Scheimpflug imaging, ocular biometry and a medical history interview.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of preterm birth, retinopathy of prematurity and perinatal factors on corneal aberrations in adulthood: Results from the Gutenberg prematurity eye study

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

Berger

Riedl

et al. 2022

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Introduction Prematurity and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) are associated with altered corneal shape and reduced visual acuity in childhood, but their long‐term effects on corneal shape in later life are still unclear. This study evaluated whether prematurity and related perinatal factors are associated with corneal aberrations in adulthood. Methods The Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (GPES) is a cohort study using Scheimpflug imaging of the cornea. Associations were assessed between corneal Zernike aberrations and gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), BW percentile, ROP occurrence, ROP treatment and other perinatal factors using univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses. Results This study involved 444 eyes of 256 individuals born preterm (aged 28.1 ± 8.4 years, 146 females) and 231 eyes of 132 individuals born full‐term (aged 29.8 ± 8.9 years, 77 females). Multivariable analyses revealed an association between corneal higher‐order aberrations and lower birth weight percentile (B = −0.001, p < 0.001) as well as ROP treatment (B = 0.120, p = 0.03). Corneal lower‐order aberrations were also associated with lower birth weight percentile (B = −0.004; p = 0.001) and ROP treatment (B = 0.838, p = 0.01) but not with ROP occurrence. Increased corneal aberrations were correlated with lower visual acuity and the spherical equivalent refractive error. Conclusions Perinatal factors, particularly low birth weight percentile and ROP treatment lead to a more irregular corneal shape in adulthood, thereby reducing optical image quality and potentially contributing to reduced visual acuity and altered refractive error.

“…Die Proband*innenrekrutierung und der Selektionsalgorithmus sind in Abb. 1S (Zusatzmaterial) sowie an anderer Stelle beschrieben 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 . Alle Teilnehmenden wurden einer detaillierten und umfassenden augenärztlichen Untersuchung unterzogen, einschließlich einer Untersuchung der Refraktionsfehler und einer Befragung zur Krankengeschichte.…”

Section: Patienten/materials Und Methodenunclassified

Augenärztliche Versorgung früh- und reifgeborener Personen in deren Kindheit und Jugend – eine retrospektive Sicht der Eltern

Wacker

Gißler

et al. 2022

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd

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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Beschreibung der augenärztlichen Versorgung in der Kindheit und Jugend früh- und reifgeborener Personen aus der retrospektiven Sicht der Eltern. Patienten, Material und Methoden Die Gutenberg Prematurity Eye Study (GPES) ist eine retrospektive Kohortenstudie mit einer prospektiven augenärztlichen Untersuchung von früh- und reifgeborenen Personen, die zwischen 1969 und 2002 geboren wurden (aktuelles Alter 18 bis 52 Jahre). Sie schließt eine Befragung von deren Eltern zur augenärztlichen Versorgung ihrer Kinder in der Kindheit und Jugend aus der Retrospektive ein. Die Teilnehmenden und deren Eltern wurden in Personen mit normalem Gestationsalter (GA) ≥ 37 (Kontrollgruppe), Frühgeborene ohne ROP (Retinopathy of Prematurity) mit GA 33 – 36 (Gruppe 2), GA 29 – 32 (Gruppe 3), GA ≤ 28 Wochen (Gruppe 4) und solche mit ROP ohne Behandlung (Gruppe 5) und mit ROP mit Behandlung (Gruppe 6) gruppiert. Die Eltern der Teilnehmenden wurden zur augenärztlichen Versorgung und zur Zufriedenheit damit befragt. Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden die Daten von 57 reifgeborenen und 131 frühgeborenen Kindern und deren Eltern in die vorliegende Studie eingeschlossen. Die Eltern der Teilnehmenden gaben an, dass eine augenärztliche Untersuchung bis zum 6. Lebensjahr in den jeweiligen Gruppen 1 bis 6 bei 22/57 (38,6%), 33/58 (56,9%), 22/38 (57,9%), 3/6 (50%), 19/21 (90,5%) und 7/8 (87,5%) stattgefunden habe. Insgesamt gaben 83 – 100% der Eltern in den verschiedenen Gruppen an, dass die augenärztliche Betreuung gut gewesen sei. Einen Augenarztwechsel aufgrund von Behandlungsunzufriedenheit berichteten insgesamt 4/57 (7%), 9/58 (15,5%), 8/38 (21,1%), 1/6 (16,7%), 1/21 (4,8%) und 2/8 (25%) in den jeweiligen Gruppen. Schlussfolgerung Die vorliegende Studie zeigt eine gute Behandlungszufriedenheit hinsichtlich der augenärztlichen Betreuung von ehemaligen frühgeborenen Personen, insbesondere Eltern von Kindern mit einer ROP bewerteten diese positiv.