“…Since the discovery of TIR of light in 1800's by John Tyndall [8], the TIR principle has been employed in several applications including a fiber-optic communication system, an optical switch [9][10], an optical beam deflector [11], a fiber-optic hydrophone [12], an interferometer [13][14], a fiber-optic sensor [15], the measurement of refractive index [16][17], spectroscopy [18], a fingerprint input device [19][20], and microscopy [21]. Recently, a user friendly TIR-based optical touch switch was also proposed and successfully demonstrated [22][23][24].…”