Regeneration of mixed deciduous forest in a Dutch forest-heathland, following a reduction of ungulate densities

Kuiters, A.T.; Slim, P.A.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(01)00204-x

Cited by 119 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We observed that fencing favored the rapid regrowth of bramble at site 2, where it became hyper-dominant in the exclosure plot within two years of fencing. The role of deer in controlling bramble and ground cover growth is consistent with the results by Kirby (2001); excluding deer can bring about explosive growth in bramble thickets (Kuiters & Slim 2002). Balandier and colleagues (2013) have shown that bramble is more adapted to shady environments and to disturbance (tolerant/resistant to browsing) than was first thought.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Understory vegetation dynamics and tree regeneration as affected by deer herbivory in temperate hardwood forests

Laurent¹,

Mårell²,

Balandier³

et al. 2017

iForest

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Plant competition and deer browsing are two main factors which limit tree recruitment. We examined natural tree-recruitment processes under continuous-tree-cover management. Changes in plant communities and tree regeneration were monitored over an eight-year period at two different sites in a temperate hardwood forest in the North-East of France. We used paired control plot (unfenced areas, free access to deer) and exclosures (fenced areas, excluding deer) at both sites. Shade-tolerant browsing-tolerant opportunistic species (beech, Fagus sylvatica at site 1 and bramble, Rubus spp. at site 2) were present in low numbers at the beginning of the study. We found that these species used a sit-and-wait strategy, waiting for opportunities to proliferate (thinning and deer exclusion). In the exclosure at site 1, beech proliferate slowly. In the exclosure at site 2, bramble proliferated enough during the first two growing seasons to prevent tree recruitment. Thus, fencing encouraged beech sapling or bramble growth, and this growth in turn was detrimental to the richness and diversity of the plant community. The two study cases presented show that both plant competition and deer browsing can be problematic for tree recruitment. Our results further suggest that excluding deer is not sufficient to enhance the growth of browse-sensitive and moderately shade-tolerant tree species such as oaks (Quercus petraea and Q. robur).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Understory vegetation dynamics and tree regeneration as affected by deer herbivory in temperate hardwood forests

Laurent¹,

Mårell²,

Balandier³

et al. 2017

iForest

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“…Generally, a decline of silver fir has been going on in Europe for the last two centuries (Musil 2003;Šindelá and Frýdl 2004;Kuneš et al 2005;Abraham 2006;Zerbe 2002;Diaci 2002;Mosandl and Kleinert 1998;Kuiters and Slim 2002;Pèlachs et al 2009). In typical fir regions of the Balkan Peninsula, this trend has been mostly attributed to the effects of past air pollution and, more recently, to the increasing negative impact of game (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Abies alba seedlings to different site conditions in Picea abies plantations

Kučeravá

Dobrovolný²,

Remeš³

2012

Dendrobiology

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Introduction of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) as one of the historically important coniferous tree species in Central Europe into allochthonous cultivated forests is an important task for contemporary and future generations of foresters. The aim of our work was to optimize the management of fir in allochthonous cultivated stands of National Park Ceské Švýcarsko formed mainly by Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./Karst.). The effects of light and soil conditions and game on the survival and growth of fir plantations were investigated. Browsing was determined as the limiting factor for fir reintroduction. Assessing the significance of edaphic conditions for the height increment of fir, favourable effect of luvisol could be demonstrated as compared to acidic soil. Canopy openness maximum of 30% and stand basal area of 30 to 43m 2 /ha with relative direct radiation of up to 45% and relative indirect radiation of up to 55% with prevalence of the diffuse component create optimal environmental conditions for the survival and sustainable growth of fir plantations in the spruce stand in regeneration.

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“…Browsing from large herbivores also restricts tree sapling survival and growth in many systems across the world (Bergström & Danell 1987;Hester, Mitchell & Kirby 1996; Van Hees, Kuiters & Slim 1996;Millard, Hester, Wendler & Baillie 2001;Hester, Millard, Baillie & Wendler 2004) and, in some areas, prevents the establishment, expansion or renewal of woodland (Hester, Edenius, Buttenschon & Kuiters 2000;Kuiters & Slim 2002;Hester, Bergman, Iason & Moean (in press)). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Above- and below-ground competition effects of two heathland species: Implications for growth and response to herbivory in birch saplings

Millett

Hester²,

Millard³

et al. 2008

Basic and Applied Ecology

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307 2 SummaryWe examined experimentally the effect of competition from two common heathland plant species (Calluna vulgaris or Molinia caerulea) on Betula pubescens saplings subjected to simulated mammalian browsing damage. We tested two hypotheses: that B. pubescens saplings alter their growth allocation in response to different patterns of competition from the two species in order to maximise resource acquisition; and that, when only B. pubescens saplings are damaged, herbivory reduces its ability to compete with both species.In an ex-situ experiment we grew B. pubescens saplings in the presence of below-or above-and below-ground interactions from C. vulgaris or M. caerulea. Saplings were also subjected to simulated browsing by clipping (50% of current year's growth), either pre-senescence or at bud-burst. We measured the morphology and dry mass allocation response of the saplings over a period of two years.We found that competition reduced sapling dry mass by approximately 50%, but C. vulgaris reduced dry mass to a greater extent than did M. caerulea. The total competition intensity of C. vulgaris was greater than that of M. caerulea, due to an apparent facilitative effect of M. caerulea shoots on birch growth. Saplings compensated for browsing damage, resulting in no difference in dry mass one year after damage. However, sapling morphological responses to browsing damage were dependent on the competing species.Despite the large competitive effect of below-ground interactions, saplings did not increase allocation to root growth as predicted. Additionally, in response to aboveground interactions from M. caeruela, saplings increased allocation to root growth. 3This study highlights the importance of patterns, as well as intensity, of competition in determining plant responses to inter-specific interactions. Sapling responses did not follow the pattern predicted by the balanced-growth hypothesis. We suggest that this is due to the multi-functionality of plant component parts and the balance between competitive and facilitative effects of interacting plants.

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Regeneration of mixed deciduous forest in a Dutch forest-heathland, following a reduction of ungulate densities

Cited by 119 publications

References 29 publications

Understory vegetation dynamics and tree regeneration as affected by deer herbivory in temperate hardwood forests

Understory vegetation dynamics and tree regeneration as affected by deer herbivory in temperate hardwood forests

Responses of Abies alba seedlings to different site conditions in Picea abies plantations

Above- and below-ground competition effects of two heathland species: Implications for growth and response to herbivory in birch saplings

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