Regeneration of plants from protoplasts of potato virus X-infected tobacco leaves II. Influence of virazole on the frequency of infection

Shepard, James F.

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(77)90097-6

Cited by 50 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Virazole was effective in elimination of various viruses from plant tissue cultures (24, 122,124) and reduced virus multiplication in intact plants (56,69,117) . Its mode of action in plants is not understood, but it is known to have cytokinin-like activity : it stimulated growth of tissue cultures at low concentration and suppressed root formation (124) .…”

Section: Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant growth regulators and virus infection: A critical review

Fraser¹,

Whenham²

1982

Plant Growth Regul

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Virus infection can severely inhibit plant growth and distort development . This article reviews changes in plant growth regulator metabolism caused by infection . In general, virus infection decreases auxin and gibberellin concentrations and increases abscisic acid concentration . Ethylene production is stimulated in necrotic or chlorotic reactions to infection, but not where the virus spreads systemically without necrosis . While these broad trends are true for most host-virus combinations studied, several situations are recorded where the virus had other effects on growth substance concentration . Cytokinin changes do not show any common pattern : both increases and decreases after infection have been reported .The extent to which virus-induced changes in growth substance concentration could be responsible for observed alterations in host growth and development is discussed . While changes in abscisic acid, gibberellin and ethylene production seem potentially important, the experimental evidence does not provide conclusive proof for control of growth by these changes .The numerous investigations of effects of exogenous regulators on virus multiplication and pathogenesis are reviewed . Different regulators, or the same regulator applied at different times or concentrations, had very diverse effects, and in some cases did significantly alter virus multiplication and pathogenesis . However, such studies seem to have yielded disappointingly little understanding of the biochemistry of the host-virus interaction, and the possible involvement of growth substances in this .Possible uses of plant growth regulators in chemotherapy of virus disease, and their possible involvement in natural or induced resistance mechanisms are discussed .

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Section: Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant growth regulators and virus infection: A critical review

Fraser¹,

Whenham²

1982

Plant Growth Regul

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“…virazole), a guanosine analogue in which the purine ring is open, is a broad-spectrum antiviral that inhibits both DNA and RNA viruses in ani mal systems [reviewed in 1], This compound also has been reported to inhibit a spectrum of RNA viruses of plants including potato virus X [2][3][4], potato virus Y [5], tobacco mo saic virus (TMV) [3,6, manuscript in prepara tion], cucumber mosaic virus [5,7,8], alfalfa mosaic virus [8], tomato-white necrosis virus [9], apple chlorotic leafspot virus [10], and cowpea chlorotic mottle virus [manuscript in preparation]. Ribavirin has been effective in eradicating several viruses from plant tissues in culture [4,5,8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the Mode of Action of Ribavirin against Tobacco Mosaic Virus

Dawson¹,

Lozoya-Saldaña²

1984

Intervirology

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Ribavirin inhibited a specific step of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) replication. Time-courses of sensitivity of TMV multiplication in asynchronous and synchronous infections demonstrated that ribavirin inhibited an early function that occurs prior to the period of viral RNA and protein synthesis. In the synchronous infection, ribavirin inhibited the synthesis of both single-stranded genomic RNA and double-stranded replicative form RNA when treatment began during the first 4 h, but there was no inhibition when treatment began at 12 h or later, even though most RNA synthesis occurred after 12 h. Viral protein synthesis also was inhibited when treatment began during the first 4 h and not when treatment began later. Unlike the mechanisms proposed against animal viruses, ribavirin appears to inhibit TMV replication by preventing an early function that is necessary to initiate viral RNA synthesis.

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“…Application of the antiviral agent ribavirin had no effect on zoospores but did reduce the severity of big vein of leaf in lettuce (Campbell, 1980). According to Fletcher et al (2005) ribavirin interferes with the synthesis of big-vein virus, since this effect has been reported with other plant virus (Hansen, 1979;Shepard, 1977). Tomlinson & Faithfull (1979) also studied the effects of various surfactants on the motility of zoospores of O. brassicae.…”

Section: Plant Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 94%

The effects of antifungal substances on some zoosporic fungi (Kingdom Fungi)

Gleason

Marano

2010

Hydrobiologia

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Zoosporic fungi constitute a large group of true fungi which inhabit freshwater, brackish, marine and soil ecosystems. In general, very little is known about the effects of antifungal substances on the growth and survival of most species. This review focuses on experimental research with those isolates which have been studied, especially in some species of Synchytrium, Olpidium, Batrachochytrium, Allomyces, Blastocladiella, Neocallimastix. These genera represent genetically diverse groups. Although the research discussed here is restricted to a small sample, some general conclusions can be reached about zoosporic fungi as a whole. Like many other eukaryotic microorganisms, zoosporic fungi are sensitive to a large number of antibiotics, fungicides, surfactants, bacterial metabolites, metabolic poisons, proteins, heavy metals and other antifungal substances. These include substances commonly released into the environment for the control of plant and animal diseases, for increasing production of domestic animals and in the form of waste products from industry. It is possible that the release of antifungal substances into the environment might cause significant changes in the community structure of zoosporic fungi as well as of other groups of microorganisms which play significant roles in food web dynamics and ecosystem complexity. However, this needs documentation by quantitative studies. For these reasons, extensive research on the effects of antifungal substances is much needed.

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Regeneration of plants from protoplasts of potato virus X-infected tobacco leaves II. Influence of virazole on the frequency of infection

Cited by 50 publications

References 16 publications

Plant growth regulators and virus infection: A critical review

Plant growth regulators and virus infection: A critical review

Examination of the Mode of Action of Ribavirin against Tobacco Mosaic Virus

The effects of antifungal substances on some zoosporic fungi (Kingdom Fungi)

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