Regeneration of tropical montane cloud forests increases water yield in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Teixeira, Gabriela Miranda; Figueiredo, Pablo Hugo Alves; Salemi, Luiz Felippe; Ferraz, Sílvio; Ranzini, Maurício; Arcova, Francisco Carlos Soriano; Cicco, Valdir de; Rizzi, Nivaldo Eduardo

doi:10.1002/eco.2298

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Our estimates of BFI between 65% and 75% are in the lower range of estimates from Almagro et al (2021), possibly because our study catchments are smaller and higher gradient than those studied in Almagro et al (2021). Our estimates are comparable to the estimate of 74% for a small catchment in Serra da Mantiqueira (Mello et al, 2019), and very similar to those reported for montane catchments of Serra do Mar, which ranged from 59% to 68% (Teixeira et al, 2021), 76.5% (Groppo et al, 2019), and 76% (Salemi et al, 2013) – although there is inevitably some uncertainty in comparing BFI estimates across different sites and resulting from different hydrograph separation methods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Hydrological response of a headwater catchment in Southeast Brazil—Threshold patterns of stormflow response

Chittolina

Rocha

Domingues

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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Headwater catchments are essential water sources for sustaining low flow in downstream rivers. The montane region of Serra da Mantiqueira in Southeast Brazil is the largest water supplier for the densely populated area of São Paulo, where we investigated the hydrological response of a subtropical catchment and four of its sub‐catchments. We discussed the relationships between rainfall, streamflow, baseflow, stormflow, soil moisture, and water table depth using high‐frequency field observations over 4 years. Baseflow accounted for most of the streamflow during the dry season and for half of streamflow in the wet season. In contrast, the variations in soil moisture were dampened, with increases in the early wet season preceding the increase in streamflow and decreases in the late wet season following the decrease in streamflow. The mean runoff coefficient and baseflow index varied from 23% to 37% and from 62% to 75% across the catchments, respectively. At the event scale, all catchments had a pronounced threshold behaviour, where stormflow increased sharply when event precipitation reached ≃10 mm, soil moisture reached ≃51% and water table depth decreased to ≃135 cm. The event stormflow coefficient was highly variable, with a maximum of 25%. The temporally integrated stormflow coefficient was low for conditions below a soil moisture threshold (≃3%–10%) and high above a soil moisture threshold (≃8%–15%). Our estimates of flows and threshold behaviours were consistent across the various study catchments, improving our understanding of runoff generation at a catchment scale. This information should help improve the management of water resources focused on water and food security in a context of climate change.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Hydrological response of a headwater catchment in Southeast Brazil—Threshold patterns of stormflow response

Chittolina

Rocha

Domingues

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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“…The results indicate that the change from pasture to natural vegetation would have the potential to positively change responsiveness, improving the retention and regulation capacity of most Atlantic Forest ecoregions (Chazdon and Guariguata, 2016;Teixeira et al, 2021). In this context, forest restoration actions in degraded areas should consider soil quality, to enable the establishment of plant species and success of the restoration (Chazdon and Guariguata, 2016;Mendes et al, 2019), allowing the hydrological response of the restored areas, in a more advanced stage of ecological succession, to be positive compared to pasture, as shown in our results.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this group, it is also possible to observe the concentration of samples from Evergreen broadleaved forest (EVER) as areas of high water yield in which natural forests do not affect water yield and also contribute to greater water retention and regulation (Teixeira et al, 2021). At the end of this group, some samples showed the highest values of "m" (good water retention capacity) and the lowest water yields, possibly encompassing taller forest vegetation and high evapotranspiration rates (Calder, 1998).…”

Section: Variation In Water Yield Of Native Vegetation and Pasture Al...mentioning

confidence: 99%

How does land use cover change affect hydrological response in the Atlantic Forest? Implications for ecological restoration

Lopes¹,

Corrêa²,

Ogasawara³

et al. 2022

Front. Water

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Water availability is influenced by climate conditions and physical characteristics such as topography, soil type, and land use and cover. The Atlantic Forest has a long deforestation history and shows a climatic and environmental gradient that results in natural vegetation diversity driven mainly by water availability and local conditions. Therefore, Atlantic Forest ecoregions are expected to show a natural variability of water responses and different hydrological effects caused by land-use cover change. In this study, we compared the hydrological response among 11 Atlantic Forest ecoregions in areas of native vegetation and pasture, using CHIRPS rainfall data, evapotranspiration by the MOD16A2 product of the MODIS satellite and water surplus calculated by the 19-year mass balance for 712 sampling points. The parameter “m”, which can be considered a proxy for local hydrological responsiveness, was calculated by equations based on the Budyko framework and varied between 1.2 and 3.6 in the biome. In 10 of the 11 ecoregions, the parameter “m” in native vegetation was statistically higher than in the pasture, and in the REST, ECOT, SEMI, STEP, and PARK ecoregions this difference was more pronounced. For all ecoregions, the R/P ratio was inversely proportional to the parameter “m”, but there were different levels of variation among them. In wetter and drier areas, there is less variation in the water surplus, while the greatest variations occurred in areas where the PET/P ratio is 1.5. In conclusion, the parameter “m” of native vegetation and pasture varies in different Atlantic Forest ecoregions. The results of each ecoregion regarding hydrological response and implications for water yield can be used to understand and plan changes in land use for water production.

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“…This improved groundwater recharge was attributed to enhanced cloud interception by forests. Similarly, the impact of natural regeneration of forest cover in Tropical montane cloud forests of Paraibuna river contributed to increased water yield, when the forest cover improvement was reported at 20%; however, in case of cloud forest cover increase lower than 20%, the hydrological regime was moderated by hydro-climatic factors (air temperature and rainfall) (Teixeira et al, 2021). In Europe, hydrological response to land use changes has been carried out via empirical rainfall-runoff modeling using Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method (Oko nski, 2007).…”

Section: Changing Land Use Patterns and Eco-hydrologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding synergies and tradeoffs between forests, water, and climate change

et al. 2022

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Understanding synergies and trade-offs between forests, water, and climate change is warranted for designing effective policies and strategies for managing water and forests, which are essential for sustenance, ecological proliferation, and economic development. Forests are considered global storehouse of resources, functioning as ecosystem service providers, such as recyclers of terrestrial water to maintain quality and quantity of water but are constantly regulated by climatic parameters. These interlinkages are further complicated by the highly debated role of forests in water regulation and consumption, anthropogenic changes in land use, changing climatic patterns and their subsequent impacts on the hydrological cycle. However, policy and planning for natural resource management seldom consider the interrelationships between forest, water, and climate change due to lack of consensus, misrepresentations and difficult conversions of the complicated interactions to policy. We review and discuss the existing research on these interrelationships with different approaches using a range of hydrological, climatic, and land use indicators.We further suggest incorporating long-term data for forest, water, and climate into conceptual, statistical, and stochastic models may yield better projections with fewer uncertainties rather than those focusing on linear interactions between paired components. Thus, there is a need for exploring these interactions holistically rather than in silos from the perspective of natural resource management particularly in developing nations such as India that have a pressing need to develop new and synergize existing strategies for sustainable management of forest and water under changing climatic variables.

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Regeneration of tropical montane cloud forests increases water yield in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Cited by 17 publications

References 58 publications

Hydrological response of a headwater catchment in Southeast Brazil—Threshold patterns of stormflow response

Hydrological response of a headwater catchment in Southeast Brazil—Threshold patterns of stormflow response

How does land use cover change affect hydrological response in the Atlantic Forest? Implications for ecological restoration

Understanding synergies and tradeoffs between forests, water, and climate change

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