Region-wise development of prototypes of integrated arable farming and outdoor horticulture.

Wijnands, F.G.; Vereijken, P.H.

doi:10.18174/njas.v40i3.16508

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this type of research, farmers and other stakeholders also need to be involved in the set up and execution of the research. Methodologies for these types of research already exist in, e.g., the prototyping methodology [9,10]. In addition, the value of the combination of research on experimental farms together with commercial farms has been described previously [11].…”

Section: Research On Wicked Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Targets are described in general terms in the SDG protocol, while thresholds define boundary values for ecosystem parameters in terms of "good" or "not good enough". If ecosystem services do not meet the threshold, the farming system must be re-evaluated, redesigned and the judgement procedure has to be repeated [9,10]. Thresholds should have a regional character as they are influenced by climate and local conditions, as will be discussed in the following sections.…”

Section: Characterizing Ecosystem Services and Corresponding Thresholdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exploring Operational Procedures to Assess Ecosystem Services at Farm Level, including the Role of Soil Health

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reaching the land-related UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and similar goals articulated by the EU Green Deal (GD) by 2030 presents a major challenge and requires a pragmatic approach focused on joint learning by land users (mostly farmers), researchers and other stakeholders in “Living Labs” and system experiments at experimental farms of research organizations. Defining specific indicators and thresholds for ecosystem services in line with land-related SDGs is crucial to establish “Lighthouses” that can act as inspiring examples if they meet the various thresholds. This exploratory paper discusses indicators and thresholds for an arable farm operating on marine, calcareous light clay soils in the Netherlands. Studies of a system experiment are used to discuss and test operational methodology to be widely applied when characterizing many “Living Labs” in future, as planned by the European Union. The important role of soils in contributing to ecosystem services is discussed in terms of soil health. Recommendations are made for innovative methodology to be associated with all land-related SDGs. Satisfying the thresholds of ecosystem services, which will vary by soil type, region and farm type, can be the basis for farm subsidies, such as the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Research on Living Labs and in system experiments has to be judged by different criteria than those associated with traditional linear research. The important contributions of soils to achieve ecosystem services are framed in terms of soil health and are the most effective way to promote soil science in a by now widely desired inter- and transdisciplinary context.

show abstract

Section: Research On Wicked Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterizing Ecosystem Services and Corresponding Thresholdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Operational Procedures to Assess Ecosystem Services at Farm Level, including the Role of Soil Health

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Beside organic and composted manure also crop rotation and crop residue management are fundamental tools to improve soil fertility. Nutrient catch crops, green manure crops, insect trap crops and crops with a relatively low harvest index, like cereals, contribute to the soil organic matter after harvest (Wijnands & Vereijken, 1992;Struik & Bonciarelli, 1997;Wijnands et al, 2002b) and at the same time may provide other services to improve soil health. Integrating these tools and attuning them to each specific farm, site and soil will be even more important in the future with reduced availability of manure input.…”

Section: Soil Management In Organic Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological concepts in organic farming and their consequences for an organic crop ideotype

Bueren

Struik

Jacobsen

2002

NJAS: Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Currently, organic farmers largely depend on varieties supplied by conventional plant breeders and developed for farming systems in which artificial fertilizers and agro-chemicals are widely used. The organic farming system differs fundamentally in soil fertility, weed, pest and disease management, and makes higher demands on product quality and yield stability than conventional farming. Organic farming systems aim at resilience and buffering capacity in the farmecosystem by stimulating internal self-regulation through functional agrobiodiversity in and above the soil, instead of external regulation through chemical protectants. For further optimization of organic product quality and yield stability new varieties are required that are adapted to organic farming systems. The desired variety traits include adaptation to organic soil fertility management, implying loweer) and organic inputs, a better root system and ability to interact with beneficial soil micro-organisms, ability to suppress weeds, contributing to soil, crop and seed health, good product quality, high yield level and high yield stability. In the short run, organic crop ideotypes per crop and per market segment can help to select the best varieties available among existing (conventional) ones. However, until now many of the desired traits have not received enough priority in conventional breeding programmes. Traits like adaptation to organic soil fertility management require selection under organic soil conditions for optimal results. The limited area of organic agriculture will be the bottleneck for economic interest in establishing specific breeding programmes for organic farming systems. The proposed organic crop ideotypes may benefit not only organic farming systems, but in the future also conventional systems that move away from high inputs of nutrients and chemical pesticides.

show abstract

“…ET contrasts the top-down, technology-driven approach emphasised in CPP and TIPM by focussing on a philosophy of people's participation. In Europe, attempts have been made in The Netherlands with farmer groups (Wijnands & Vereijken, 1992) and in Germany with on-farm research in university farms (Gerowitt & Wildenhayn, 1997). In developing countries this approach has reached wide recognition especially through the FAO Inter-country Programme on IPM in Rice (Kenmore, 1996).…”

Section: The Reference Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

From pesticides to genetically modified plants: history, economics and politics

Zadoks¹,

Waibel

2000

NJAS: Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two technologies of crop protection are compared, crop protection by pesticides and by Genetically Modified Plants (GMPs). The history of pesticides provides lessons relevant to the future of GMPs; (I) high pesticide usage is counter-productive, (2) the technology requires intensive regulation and (3) has nonetheless many external effects which strongly reduce its social benefits, (4) early calculations on net benefits of pesticides were over-optimistic, and (5) intensive use of pesticides made farmers so dependent on them that they lost important options. These lessons are used to construct a framework for the economic analysis of GMPs which can be applied once sufficient empirical information becomes available. Conceptually the framework can be used for a comparison of crop protection strategies indicated as chemical crop protection, threshold-based crop protection, crop protection by ecotechnology and organic agriculture. Given the current state of knowledge on the impact of GMPs where (I) benefits are assumed rather than proven, (2) regulatory costs are rising and (3) environmental and human health risks have yet to be fully identified, one conclusion is that ex ante economic analysis which draws upon some of the lessons learned with chemical pesticides may help to bridge the gap between the proponents and the opponents of GMT (Genetic Modification Technology).

show abstract

Region-wise development of prototypes of integrated arable farming and outdoor horticulture.

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Exploring Operational Procedures to Assess Ecosystem Services at Farm Level, including the Role of Soil Health

Exploring Operational Procedures to Assess Ecosystem Services at Farm Level, including the Role of Soil Health

Ecological concepts in organic farming and their consequences for an organic crop ideotype

From pesticides to genetically modified plants: history, economics and politics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About