Regional and depth variability of porcine meniscal mechanical properties through biaxial testing

Kahlon, Akashdeep Singh; Hurtig, Mark; Gordon, Karen D.

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.10.008

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In general, clamps, sutures (threads), or hooks (sometimes joined into rakes) are used as gripping elements introducing the load into the specimen in biaxial testing (see Figure 1). While hooks are applied most frequently and considered as a standard gripping method (see among others [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]), clamps were rejected as unacceptable by some authors [8][9][10][11]. However, this rejection was substantiated by numerical or experimental analyses done only for broad clamps used one per specimen edge, while two or more narrow clamps per edge wereaccording to our knowledgepresented by our group only [18,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…To the authors' best knowledge, such analyses have not been performed till now. We investigated hooks used commonly to grip the specimen [1,7,8,13,14,16,17,22,23,[25][26][27] as well as clamps which so far have been used only by our group [18,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While hooks are applied most frequently and considered as a standard gripping method (see among others ), clamps were rejected as unacceptable by some authors . However, this rejection was substantiated by numerical or experimental analyses done only for broad clamps used one per specimen edge, while two or more narrow clamps per edge were – according to our knowledge – presented by our group only .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In biaxial testing machines, the load is usually distributed into individual gripping elements either via a system of balance levers [12] or via nylon threads [8,14,16,17,26,27]. Our machine employs balance levers, so we mimic them also in our computational model.…”

Section: Fe Parametric Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Accuracy of Biaxial Tests Based on their Computational Simulations

Slažanský

Polzer

Man

et al. 2016

Strain

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Design of biaxial tension testing rig has a significant influence on quality of the measured stress–strain data. The paper analyses the effect of test parameters on the accuracy of results. Finite element simulations of biaxial tension tests were realized, and the resulting stress–strain curves (evaluated in the same manner as in real experiments) compared with the input ones by means of coefficient of determination R2. The investigated parameters were type (hooks or narrow clamps), number (2÷5) and size (0.25÷5 mm) of gripping elements, specimen size (18÷33 mm), testing protocol (different displacement ratios) and specimen material (healthy artery, aneurysm tissue, elastin and intraluminal thrombus). Numerical results were compared with experiments on porcine aortas carried out with two clamps and four hooks per edge. Experiments were evaluated with respect to the obtained quality of fit and maximum achievable stresses under equibiaxial load. Two or three hooks and two narrow clamps per edge give the best accuracy for small specimens. Larger hook diameter increases the accuracy for low numbers of hooks. Non‐equibiaxial protocols show worse accuracy than equibiaxial ones. For large specimens, four and five hooks are the best choice. The experiments revealed that higher stresses can be induced by two clamps setup (median 433 versus 257 kPa in circumferential direction and median 454 versus 333 kPa in axial direction). Quality of the fit was slightly but consistently higher with the four hooks setup (mean R2 = 0.984 versus 0.9797). The number of gripping elements should be chosen with respect to the need to ensure uniform force distribution along the specimen edge. Both narrow clamps and hooks achieved a comparable accuracy regardless of material. High numbers of hooks and wide clamps should be avoided for small specimens. Compared with hooks, use of narrow clamps allowed us to reach higher load until specimen rupture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Fe Parametric Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Accuracy of Biaxial Tests Based on their Computational Simulations

Slažanský

Polzer

Man

et al. 2016

Strain

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“…26 The biaxial characterization of soft tissues involved then extensively the cardiac and artery tissues, with the aim of implement constitutive models useful to carry out preclinical tests of intravascular devices, [16][17][18]20,27 and the porcine meniscal. 21 In many cases, the research outcomes are models' parameters obtained through the fitting of a mean curve. 18,20 The assumption is that although the anisotropy of the tissue is obvious and confirmed by the biaxial tests, the response of the tissue along two orthogonal axes has no significant difference at physiological loadings.…”

Section: 25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Native human dermis versus human acellular dermal matrix: A comparison of biaxial mechanical properties

Terzini¹,

Aldieri²,

Zanetti³

et al. 2018

AMJ

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Background Human Acellular Dermal Matrices (HADMs), thanks to its mechanical resistance and it's not immunogenic response, is used in reconstructive surgery such as breast reconstruction procedures and hernia repairs. There is the need to investigate the mechanical response of HADMs when subjected to in vivo-like stresses. Aims In order to supply additional guidance to surgeons, in this work equi-biaxial experimental curves of native and decellularized human dermis are presented because it is essential to investigate the engineered tissue response when subjected to stresses comparable to those that occur in vivo. Methods HADMs specimens were biaxially characterized exploiting a customized biaxial conversion device entirely realized through rapid prototyping methods, and the HADM response to mechanical stimuli comparable to the in vivo deformation state was explored. From the derived data, stress-strain curves were evaluated, and the elastic moduli were extracted from the curve toe-region. As an indication of the fibre rearrangement rate, the slope of the stressstrain curve at higher strains was evaluated in a semi-log plane. Results The mean elastic modulus at low strains for the mediolateral direction (along Langer lines) resulted from 35 per cent to 87 per cent higher than the cranio-caudal one. Furthermore, medio-lateral specimens show lower rearrangement velocities at higher strains. Considering both directions, the decellularization process leads to a deterioration of the mechanical properties of the matrix. Conclusion The tested HADMs maintained the typical anisotropic dermis behaviour, dependent on the collagen network predominantly oriented along the Langer lines. Moreover, comparisons among HADMs and the native human reticular dermis demonstrated the mechanical strength loss at lower strains caused by the decellularization process.

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