Regional Rainfall Measurements Using the Passive Aquatic Listener During the SPURS Field Campaign

Yang, Jie; Riser, Stephen C.; Nystuen, Jeffrey A.; Asher, Willian; Jessup, Andrew T.

doi:10.5670/oceanog.2015.10

Cited by 34 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The frequency of events and overall rainfall totals show reasonable agreement between the two platforms (Riser et al, ). More recently, 13 Argo floats with PAL sensors have been deployed as part of the first field experiment for the Salinity Processes in the Upper‐ocean Regional Study (SPURS‐1) in the North Atlantic (Yang et al, ). The SPURS‐1 floats typically rested at 1 km depth, providing a circular footprint of 5 km in diameter for PAL rainfall estimates, similar to the footprint of the TRMM and GPM PRs (Kummerow et al, ; Hou et al, ).…”

Section: Tropical Pacific Rainfall Observationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, the independence of these measurements is uncertain since Yang et al . () calculate PAL rain rates from sound spectra using an empirical formula with coefficients based on the PMEL capacitance gauges in the tropical Pacific (Ma and Nystuen, ). In addition, as the capacitance gauge rain rates were not corrected for wind undercatch errors, the Ma and Nystuen () formulation is likely biased low.…”

Section: Tropical Pacific Rainfall Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the Bay of Bengal data, the Ma and Nystuen () coefficients were used to derive rain rates from the SPURS‐1 PAL acoustic signals. Comparisons of these PAL‐Argo rain rates with the TRMM 3B42 data product interpolated to the float trajectories and sampling period show similar rainfall accumulations over a 1‐year period within the estimated accuracy of the PAL observations (Yang et al, ). Similar Argo–PAL systems were also recently deployed for the SPURS‐2 project in the tropical east Pacific during 2016–2017, where a fixed mooring at 10°N 125°W was deployed with acoustic and capacitance gauges for comparisons with the Argo system (https://ourocean3.jpl.nasa.gov/spurs2/index.php).…”

Section: Tropical Pacific Rainfall Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Precipitation measurements from the Tropical Moored Array: A review and look ahead

Serra

2018

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Rainfall is an important component of the global climate system and is one of the essential climate variables (ECVs) highlighted in the implementation plan for the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). Over 75% of the world's rainfall occurs over open ocean where in situ observations are most sparse. While current satellite algorithms for estimating rainfall have improved considerably over the past few decades, validation of these products using in situ observations remains critical for meeting the requirements of an ECV. This article reviews the current status of continuous, high‐frequency open‐ocean rainfall measurements collected across the tropical Pacific from the Tropical Moored Array (TMA) and outlines upcoming challenges as well as opportunities for these measurements under the Tropical Pacific Observing System (TPOS) 2020 Project now underway. The rainfall observations from the TMA now provide over a 15‐year record at some sites; however, these observations have been drastically reduced in recent years. As the TPOS is reassessed in light of new platforms for observing ocean and atmospheric state variables, this is an opportune time to review the TMA rainfall observations and their important place in the redesign of the TMA as a “full flux” platform, measuring all interfacial fluxes including radiation and rainfall, as well as momentum, latent and sensible heat fluxes.

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Section: Tropical Pacific Rainfall Observationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Tropical Pacific Rainfall Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tropical Pacific Rainfall Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precipitation measurements from the Tropical Moored Array: A review and look ahead

Serra

2018

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…In addition to the auxiliary CTD unit, a passive aquatic listener (PAL) hydrophone (Nystuen, 2001) was added to many floats, allowing wind speed and rainfall to be estimated using passive acoustic methods along the float trajectory while the float drifted at its parking depth. This additional sensor deployment resulted in the collection of extensive rainfall and wind speed data sets from both SPURS field efforts (Yang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Eulerian Component Lagrangian Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both SPURS experiments involved three APL/UW Seagliders collecting profiles of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, and shear microstructure (see Rainville et al, 2017, in this issue), and, in SPURS-2, a PAL hydrophone providing estimates of wind and rain rates from passive acoustics (Yang et al, 2015). Seagliders profile from the surface to 1,000 m depth at a vertical rate of about 10 cm s -1 .…”

Section: Autonomous Self-propelledmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous Multi-Platform Observations During the Salinity Processes in the Upper-ocean Regional Study

Lindstrom¹,

Shcherbina²,

Rainville³

et al. 2017

Oceanog.

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Profiling Floats in SOCCOM: Technical Capabilities for Studying the Southern Ocean

2018

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We report on profiling float technology used in the Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Models (SOCCOM) program, a 6 year study of the interaction of ocean physics and the carbon cycle in the Southern Ocean. A central part of this program is to produce and deploy 200 profiling floats equipped with CTD units and chemical sensors capable of measuring dissolved oxygen, nitrate, pH, chlorophyll fluorescence, and particulate backscatter. The performance of the first 63 floats deployed in SOCCOM is examined, and examples of the design criteria used in producing these floats are shown. Some of the sensors require surface measurements to be made in the dark at regular intervals, and the probability of ascending to the sea surface in the dark is estimated as a function of year‐day and latitude. An energy budget derived from laboratory measurements shows that only about 25% of the total energy stored in the batteries is used by the biogeochemical sensors, which bodes well for the long‐term survivability of the floats. The ice‐avoidance algorithm is discussed in detail, and it is shown that it is working as designed and allowing unprecedented numbers of profiles to be collected beneath the wintertime ice cover. The overall reliability of the first group of SOCCOM floats is compared with a much larger ensemble of Argo floats; the results show that the SOCCOM floats are surviving at a rate similar to the Argo floats, which have been shown to have lifetimes in excess of 5 years.

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Regional Rainfall Measurements Using the Passive Aquatic Listener During the SPURS Field Campaign

Cited by 34 publications

References 21 publications

Precipitation measurements from the Tropical Moored Array: A review and look ahead

Precipitation measurements from the Tropical Moored Array: A review and look ahead

Autonomous Multi-Platform Observations During the Salinity Processes in the Upper-ocean Regional Study

Profiling Floats in SOCCOM: Technical Capabilities for Studying the Southern Ocean

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