Registration of ‘Barduro’ Mid‐Dormant Red Clover

Abstract

‘Barduro’ (Reg. No. CV‐31, PI 664479) red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a synthetic cultivar selected for mid‐dormancy and high resistance to root‐knot nematodes (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.). Pest resistance and plant dormancy are critical factors for adaptation of red clover into the southeastern United States. The objective of this program was to select for a mid‐dormancy response between transitional‐zone cultivars and the nondormant ‘Southern Belle’, while maintaining RKN resistance. A population of 3250 plants comprising approximately 50% Southern Belle, 15% ‘Scarlet’, 15% ‘Cinnamon’, 15% ‘Kenstar’, and 5% creeping red clover introductions was the base population from which vigorous plants with intermediate spring dormancy were selected for vigor, pest resistance, and dormancy response. Approximately 1000 selected plants were allowed to interpollinate in spring 1997. Four such cycles were conducted, with the final population intercrossed in summer 2000. This population was released as the cultivar ‘Barduro’ by the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station in 2009. First‐harvest and total seasonal yields of Barduro have been similar to the most nondormant cultivars when grown at locations across the lower Coastal Plains. Barduro dry‐matter yields were among the top‐yielding cultivars when grown in the upper Coastal Plains and lower transition‐zone states. Barduro was not different in RKN gall and egg mass scores from Southern Belle and was superior in resistance to Kenstar. The spring dormancy response was intermediate between that of Southern Belle and ‘Kenton’.

Registration of ‘FL24D’, a Red Clover Selected for Tolerance to 2,4-D Herbicide

“…Marked variability in this photoperiod response has been observed among red clover cultivars and is believed to be quantitatively inherited (Quesenberry and Blount, 2012). The University of Florida forage breeding program has released less‐dormant cultivars (‘Cherokee’ [Quesenberry et al, 1993] and ‘Southern Belle’ [Quesenberry et al, 2005]), with earlier initiation of spring growth, and an intermediate‐early cultivar ‘Barduro’ (Quesenberry and Blount, 2012). However, even Southern Belle is markedly later in production than crimson clover, and it has been suggested that an even earlier producing red clover would be desirable.…”

“…Conversely, release from dormancy and initiation of spring growth is suggested to be a response to lengthening days and increases in soil temperatures in spring (Kendall and Stringer, 1985). Marked variability in this photoperiod response has been observed among red clover cultivars and is believed to be quantitatively inherited (Quesenberry and Blount, 2012). The University of Florida forage breeding program has released less‐dormant cultivars (‘Cherokee’ [Quesenberry et al, 1993] and ‘Southern Belle’ [Quesenberry et al, 2005]), with earlier initiation of spring growth, and an intermediate‐early cultivar ‘Barduro’ (Quesenberry and Blount, 2012).…”

Breeding forages with climate resiliency in temperate/tropical transition zones

“…Figure1illustrates the range of dormancy among these cultivars compared to Kenton, a cultivar bred in Kentucky USA. Our two most recent releases, FL24D(Quesenberry et al, 2015b) and Barduro(Quesenberry & Blount, 2012) are respectively, markedly earlier, and somewhat later than Southern Belle. Early spring is a time of critical forage deficit in Florida, and Figure2illustrates the marked differences in forage availability between the most southern and more…”

“…Forage germplasm collection records document that these transition zones yield materials with unique dormancy and hardiness characteristics. These zones have daily rate of change in day length in late winter to early spring, and similarly in late fall and early winter, that has enabled breeders to readily select for small differences in dormancy response (Deren & Quesenberry, 1989; Kenworthy et al, 2017; Quesenberry & Blount, 2012; Williams et al, 2008).…”

Registration of ‘FF 9615’ Red Clover

“…Both can also be used in conjunction with seeking US Plant Variety Protection, although only a few public red clover cultivars have sought Plant Variety Protection. Since 2008, the following red clover cultivars have been registered in the Journal of Plant Registrations : ‘AU Red Ace’ (Mosjidis, 2011), ‘Barduro’ (Quesenberry and Blount, 2012), ‘FL24D’ (Quesenberry et al, 2015), and Freedom!MR (Taylor, 2008). Since 2008, the following red clover cultivars have gone through the AOSCA variety review board: ‘Bearcat’ (2016), FF 9615 (2013, 2015), ‘FSG 401RC’ (2012, 2014), ‘FSG 402’ (2013), ‘Gallant’ (2012, 2013), ‘Resilience’ (2017), ‘Rustler’ (2012), and ‘SS‐0303RCG’ (2012, 2014).…”