Registration of GA‐BatSten1 and GA‐MagSten1, two induced allotetraploids derived from peanut wild relatives with superior resistance to leaf spots, rust, and root‐knot nematode

Abstract

Wild relatives of peanut harbor alleles that confer strong resistance to diseases and pests and adaptation to environmental stresses, traits that frequently cannot be found in Arachis hypogaea. However, most wild species are diploid, while cultivated peanut (A. hypogaea L.) is tetraploid. When crossed, they produce sterile progeny, thus hindering their direct use in peanut breeding. To make the alleles of three wild species accessions directly available for breeding, we developed at the University of Georgia two fertile artificially induced allotetraploids (also known as amphidiploids or neotetraploids): GA‐BatSten1 (Reg. no. GP‐239, PI 695418) and GA‐MagSten1 (GP‐240, PI 695417). They derive from crosses between wild diploid species of peanut, A. batizocoi × A. stenosperma, and A. magna × A. stenosperma, respectively. Cuttings from the sterile diploid F1s were treated with colchicine. From some of these cuttings, fertile induced tetraploid seed were produced. These induced tetraploids are compatible with cultivated peanut, carry resistance to early and late leaf spot and root‐knot nematode, and are being used in breeding programs in the United States for the production of resistant cultivars.

Marker-assisted introgression of wild chromosome segments conferring resistance to fungal foliar diseases into peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

“…Since most Arachis wild species are diploid and A. hypogaea is an allotetraploid, the introgression of useful wild genes into peanut is not a trivial task. To overcome this, interspecific induced allotetraploid plants have been developed ( Burow et al., 2001 ; Fávero et al., 2006 ; Kumari et al., 2014 ; Leal-Bertioli et al., 2015b ; Leal-Bertioli et al., 2017 ; Gao et al., 2021 ; Bertioli et al., 2021b ). In this so-called tetraploid route ( Simpson, 1991 ), species with A and B genomes are intercrossed and the resulting sterile hybrid (AB) is treated with colchicine to duplicate the chromosomes and restore fertility (AABB).…”

A study of pod constriction in a peanut population with mixed wild and cultivated genetics

“…The induced allotetraploid BatSten1 PI 695418 ([ A. batizocoi ‘PI298639/K9484’ × A. stenosperma ‘PI666100/V10309’] (2 n = 4 x = 40) ) (D. Bertioli et al., 2021) was used as a donor to produce a BC population (herein called RBS, where RBS is A. hypogaea ‘Runner‐886’ × ‘BatSten1’ backcross population). An F 2 population was created from a cross between BatSten1 and A. hypogaea ‘Runner‐886’ with the purpose of incorporating resistance loci against RKN from A. stenosperma (Ballén‐Taborda et al., 2022).…”

Development and Genetic Characterization of Peanut Advanced Backcross Lines That Incorporate Root-Knot Nematode Resistance From Arachis stenosperma

“…The synthetic allotetraploid BatSten1 PI 695418 {[ Arachis batizocoi PI298639/K9484 x A. stenosperma PI666100/V10309] (2 n = 4 x = 40) } ( Bertioli et al, 2021a ) was used to introgress the nematode resistance QTL from A. stenosperma into tetraploid peanut. An F 2 population was created by selfing an F 1 derived from a cross between A. hypogaea cv.…”

“…Previously, three quantitative trait loci (QTL) (on chromosomes A02, A04, and A09) were identified in the diploid genome of Arachis stenosperma ( Leal-Bertioli et al, 2016 ). Later, segments of both chromosomes A02 and A09, that provide near immunity, were mapped using a segregating population derived from a cross between A. hypogaea and the synthetic allotetraploid BatSten1 ( Bertioli et al, 2021a ), and validated in a tetraploid background ( Ballén-Taborda et al, 2019 , 2021 ). The main objective of this study was to incorporate PRKN resistance QTL from A. stenosperma into elite peanut.…”