Registration of ‘Giza 2000’ Drought‐Tolerant Six‐rowed Barley for Rainfed and New Reclaimed Areas in Egypt

BackgroundPhotosynthetic organs of the cereal spike (ear) provide assimilate for grain filling, but their response to drought is poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the drought response of individual organs of the barley spike (awn, lemma, and palea) and compared them with a vegetative organ (fifth leaf). Understanding differences in physiological and metabolic responses between the leaf and spike organs during drought can help us develop high yielding cultivars for environments where terminal drought is prevalent.ResultsWe exposed barley plants to drought by withholding water for 4 days at the grain filling stage and compared changes in: (1) relative water content (RWC), (2) osmotic potential (Ψs), (3) osmotic adjustment (OA), (4) gas exchange, and (5) metabolite content between organs. Drought reduced RWC and Ψs in all four organs, but the decrease in RWC was greater and there was a smaller change in Ψs in the fifth leaf than the spike organs. We detected evidence of OA in the awn, lemma, and palea, but not in the fifth leaf. Rates of gas exchange declined more rapidly in the fifth leaf than awn during drought. We identified 18 metabolites but, only ten metabolites accumulated significantly during drought in one or more organs. Among these, proline accumulated in all organs during drought while accumulation of the other metabolites varied between organs. This may suggest that each organ in the same plant uses a different set of osmolytes for drought resistance.ConclusionsOur results suggest that photosynthetic organs of the barley spike maintain higher water content, greater osmotic adjustment, and higher rates of gas exchange than the leaf during drought.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-016-0922-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…We used a six-row, drought tolerant [60] barley variety ( Hordeum vulgare L. var. Giza 132) for this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fifth leaf and spike organs of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) display different physiological and metabolic responses to drought stress

et al. 2016

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“…Wild barley germplasm from the Fertile Crescent region has been identified as a source of germplasm with improved drought tolerance [32]. Drought tolerant barley varieties were developed using a wild barley line from Palestine, which produced 15% more grain yield than the control lines under dry-land growing conditions [33, 34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association of barley plant growth under drought stress using a nested association mapping population

et al. 2019

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Background Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) is the fourth most important cereal crop worldwide. Barley production is compromised by many abiotic stresses including drought. Wild barley is a valuable source of alleles that can improve adaptation of cultivated barley to drought stress. Results In the present study, a nested association mapping population named HEB-25, consisting of 1420 BC 1 S 3 lines that were developed by crossing 25 different wild barley accessions to the elite barley cultivar ‘Barke’, was evaluated under both control and drought-stressed conditions in the Australian Plant Phenomics Facility, University of Adelaide. Overall, 14 traits reflecting the performance of individual plants in each treatment were calculated from non-destructive imaging over time and destructive end-of-experiment measurements. For each trait, best linear unbiased estimators (BLUEs) were calculated and used for genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis. Among the quantitative trait loci (QTL) identified for the 14 traits, many co-localise with known inflorescence and developmental genes. We identified a QTL on chromosome 4H where, under drought and control conditions, wild barley alleles increased biomass by 10 and 17% respectively compared to the Barke allele. Conclusions Across all traits, QTL which increased phenotypic values were identified, providing a wider range of genetic diversity for the improvement of drought tolerance in barley. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1723-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…In Egypt, almost 93% of the cultivated area of barley is mainly under rainfed condition in the North Western Coastal Zone (NWCZ) covering an area of 126,000 ha with an average productivity of 1.29t ha -1 (Noaman, 2010) Barley variety development in Egypt is concentrated in developing drought-tolerant and high yielding-cultivars to satisfy the environmental needs in the marginal areas (under low rainfall and prolonged salinity and heat stress conditions). Because of these efforts for highly drought-tolerant, high-yielding barley cultivars have been recently released, namely Giza 125 (Noaman et al 1995a and b), Giza126 (Noaman et al 1995c), Giza 2000 (Noaman et al 2007a) and Giza 132 (Noaman et al 2007b). Moreover, great efforts have been made to release new barley cultivars for special purposes, for example; two two-row barley cultivars for the malting and brewery industries i.e., Giza 127 and Giza 128 (El-Sayed et al, 1995) and three hull-less barley cultivars for human feed were released namely Giza 129, Giza 130 and Giza 131 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QTL analysis in Barley Across Environments in Egypt

et al. 2017

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Registration of ‘Giza 2000’ Drought‐Tolerant Six‐rowed Barley for Rainfed and New Reclaimed Areas in Egypt

Cited by 12 publications

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The fifth leaf and spike organs of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) display different physiological and metabolic responses to drought stress

The fifth leaf and spike organs of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) display different physiological and metabolic responses to drought stress

Genome-wide association of barley plant growth under drought stress using a nested association mapping population

QTL analysis in Barley Across Environments in Egypt

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