Regression of Coronary Atheromatosis in Rhesus Monkeys

Armstrong, Marc P.; Warner, E. D.; Connor, William E.

doi:10.1161/01.res.27.1.59

Cited by 356 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Daoud et al (1976)presented a convincing report of the regression of advanced atheroma in swine, but these authors used a very long (14-month) regression period. Similarly, Armstrong et al (1970Armstrong et al ( , 1972 reported the regression of elevated lipid-rich experimentally induced atherosclerotic lesions in the rhesus monkey after changing to a low-fat or corn-oil enriched, low-cholesterol diet. Here there was a 40-month regression period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Regression of diet-induced atherosclerosis in Güttingen Miniature Swine

Kobari¹,

Koto²,

Tanigawa³

1991

Lab Anim

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The regression of diet-induced atherosclerosis in Güttingen Miniature Swine was investigated after a 6-month induction period. At 1 month after feeding a high-cholesterol and high-fat diet, levels of µ-lipoprotein, total cholesterol, free fatty acids and phospholipid had increased rapidly and the high levels were maintained throughout the 6 month induction period. Morphological features at 6 months showed fatty streaks in the thoracic aorta and fibrous plaques in the abdominal aorta. After return to the conventional diet at 6 months, serum lipids decreased rapidly and maintained the baseline level throughout the 9 month regression period. Histopathological findings showed the regression of fatty streaks but the fibrous plaques did not regress. The present study therefore confirms the regression of fatty streaks in the aorta of Güttingen Miniature Swine by the administration of a cholesterol lowering diet.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Regression of diet-induced atherosclerosis in Güttingen Miniature Swine

Kobari¹,

Koto²,

Tanigawa³

1991

Lab Anim

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“…Rhesus atherosclerotic monkeys were fed a semipurified atherogenic diet 28 that contained 41% of the total calories as fat and 1.2% cholesterol. The cynomolgus atherosclerotic monkeys were fed the same atherogenic diet except that the cholesterol content was fj.8%.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and hemodynamic response of peripheral arteries of macaque monkeys to atherogenic diet.

Armstrong¹,

Heistad²,

Marcus³

et al. 1985

Arteriosclerosis

141

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The arteries of monkeys given atherogenic diets develop marked intimal thickening and medial thinning, but luminal size apparently changes minimally. The hemodynamic significance of the atherosclerotic changes is therefore uncertain. To evaluate vascular function in atherosclerotic arteries, we studied the hind-limb vessels of adult male rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys to assess the structural and hemodynamic responses to an atherogenic diet given for about 1.5 years or for much longer periods (6.5 years for rhesus and 4.3 years for cynomolgus monkeys). The intimal cross-sectional area greatly increased after the atherogenic diet, but there was no significant luminal narrowing after either the 1.5-year diet or the longer diet periods. The media of atherosclerotic arteries showed focal atrophy and focal thinning after pressure fixation, but the total medial mass was not decreased even after the long diet periods. Hemodynamic studies indicated mild functional impairment in the atherosclerotic vessels; resting resistance increased and vasodilator responses decreased, but adrenergic responses were preserved. Thus, the marked changes that occur in the arterial wall in experimental primate atherosclerosis include adaptations to lesion formation that permit a long prestenotic phase of atherosclerosis in which vascular dysfunction is minimal.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Morphometry of cross sections can accurately quantify lesion area and volume but is too labor intensive to determine atherosclerosis in larger arterial segments or in the entire aorta. Planimetry does not measure lesion volume and, therefore, is insensitive to the progression of fatty streaks to advanced lesions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Uptake of Radiolabeled MDA2, an Oxidation-Specific Monoclonal Antibody, Provides an Accurate Measure of Atherosclerotic Lesions Rich in Oxidized LDL and Is Highly Sensitive to Their Regression

Tsimikas

Shortal

Witztum

et al. 2000

ATVB

113

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Abstract-To determine whether labeled antibodies against oxidized LDL (OxLDL) offer advantages for quantifying atherosclerosis, we compared in vivo aortic uptake of 125 I-labeled MDA2, a monoclonal antibody against malondialdehyde-lysine epitopes), atherosclerotic surface area, and aortic weight in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic and New Zealand White rabbits and in low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (LDLR Ϫ/Ϫ ) and apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE Ϫ/Ϫ ) mice. Absolute and specific uptakes of 125 I-MDA2 were significantly greater in plaque than in normal aortas. Uptake of 125 I-MDA2 significantly correlated with aortic weight and percent atherosclerotic surface area in rabbits and mice. To assess whether 125 I-MDA2 uptake reflects changes in lesion content of OxLDL, in a separate study, extensive atherosclerosis was induced in 4 groups of LDLR Ϫ/Ϫ mice by feeding them a high fat/cholesterol diet for 6 months. A baseline group was euthanized at this time. The remaining groups were fed "regression" diets (chow or chowϩ1% vitamin Eϩ0.05% vitamin C) or the high fat/cholesterol diet for 6 more months. When atherosclerosis was measured as percent surface area or aortic weight, there was strong progression in the high fat/cholesterol group, moderate progression in the chow group, and no progression in the chowϩvitamin Eϩvitamin C group compared with the baseline group. The 125 I-MDA2 method also yielded a significant increase in atherosclerosis in the high fat/cholesterol group but significant decreases in the chow and chowϩvitamin Eϩvitamin C groups. Immunocytochemistry showed fewer oxidation-specific epitopes in lesions from the chow and chowϩvitamin Eϩvitamin C groups. Thus, the uptake of 125 I-MDA2 correlates well with traditional measures of atherosclerosis but also reflects reduced plaque OxLDL content after hypocholesterolemic intervention.

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Regression of Coronary Atheromatosis in Rhesus Monkeys

Cited by 356 publications

References 17 publications

Regression of diet-induced atherosclerosis in Güttingen Miniature Swine

Regression of diet-induced atherosclerosis in Güttingen Miniature Swine

Structural and hemodynamic response of peripheral arteries of macaque monkeys to atherogenic diet.

In Vivo Uptake of Radiolabeled MDA2, an Oxidation-Specific Monoclonal Antibody, Provides an Accurate Measure of Atherosclerotic Lesions Rich in Oxidized LDL and Is Highly Sensitive to Their Regression

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