Regulated expression of keratan sulphate and peanut agglutinin binding sites during organogenesis in the developing chick

Abstract

Keratan sulphate proteoglycans are potentially important during development and are possible binding molecules for the lectin, peanut agglutinin, a marker for areas that are inhibitory for axonal growth in early embryos. The present study describes the spatiotemporal distributions of keratan sulphate epitopes and peanut agglutinin binding sites during organogenesis in the developing chick from E5 to hatching. The widespread distributions of these molecules did not often overlap but clearly delimited different carbohydrate compartments demonstrating that peanut agglutinin does not necessarily bind to keratan sulphate proteoglycans. These markers were mostly extracellular but keratan sulphate, in particular, was found within certain specific cells in cartilage, gonad, heart and pancreas, at certain ages. The presence of keratan sulphate in putative germ cells during their migrations and in the gonads may be of particular importance. Their distributions generally evoke modulation of adhesion allowing cell migrations or morphogenetic movements related to epitheliomesenchymal interactions, but may also suggest an involvement in axonal guidance in skin, cartilage, gut and possibly heart. Furthermore, in the kidney, peanut agglutinin binding sites seem to be related to the functional differentiation of the nephrons.

Purification, Characterization, and Molecular Cloning of a Novel Keratan Sulfate Hydrolase, Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, from Bacillus circulans

“…keratanase II is inhibited considerably by Zn 2ϩ , Mn 2ϩ , and EDTA, and completely by p-chloromercuribenzoic acid. 2 With these characteristics as above, keratanase II of B. circulans would be extremely useful for fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis analysis, which is a simple, highly sensitive, and quantitative analysis of KS chains (15). Recent studies revealed that keratanase II preparations of Bacillus sp.…”

“…Capillary Electrophoretic Analysis of KS Oligosaccharides-Capillary electrophoretic analysis of KS oligosaccharides was performed by the method of Yoshida. 2 The experiments were performed on a CE system P/ACE 2100 (Beckman Instruments) equipped with a fixed wavelength ultraviolet detector (UV at 214 nm). The CE system was operated in normal polarity by applying the sample at the cathode.…”

“…The KS chain is expressed in various tissues in the embryo and regulates organogenesis by affecting filtration and differentiation in the kidney (2), migration of primary germ cells in the gonads or of neural crest cells in the heart and gut (3), and axonal guidance in the gut and skin (2). A sialylated KS proteoglycan serves as a specific marker for human embryonal carcinoma, which may regulate the biological behavior of the tumor (4).…”

Histochemistry and cell biology: what's in a name?

“…Investigations on mRNA encoding the growth hormone receptor in preimplantation embryos, produced by in vitro fertilization, as well as in 30-to 70-day-old bovine embryos were performed (Kölle et al 1998) and specific spatiotemporal pattern of keratan sulphate epitopes and peanut agglutinin binding sites during organogenesis in the developing chick from E5 to hatching were disclosed (Hemming and Saxod 1998). The tight junction component occludin expression was investigated in the gastrointestinal tract of 3-to 21-day-old chick embryos by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (Kawasaki et al 1998).…”