Regulation of Antibiotic Production by Signaling Molecules in Streptomyces

Abstract

The genus Streptomyces is a unique subgroup of actinomycetes bacteria that are well-known as prolific producers of antibiotics and many other bioactive secondary metabolites. Various environmental and physiological signals affect the onset and level of production of each antibiotic. Here we highlight recent findings on the regulation of antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces by signaling molecules, with special focus on autoregulators such as hormone-like signaling molecules and antibiotics themselves. Hormone-like signaling molecules are a group of small diffusible signaling molecules that interact with specific receptor proteins to initiate complex regulatory cascades of antibiotic biosynthesis. Antibiotics and their biosynthetic intermediates can also serve as autoregulators to fine-tune their own biosynthesis or cross-regulators of disparate biosynthetic pathways. Advances in understanding of signaling molecules-mediated regulation of antibiotic production in Streptomyces may aid the discovery of new signaling molecules and their use in eliciting silent antibiotic biosynthetic pathways in a wide range of actinomycetes.

Dynamics of the compartmentalizedStreptomyceschromosome during metabolic differentiation

“…GIs). This result highlights that SMBGCs in S. ambofaciens have evolved regulatory mechanisms, such as the induction of cluster-situated transcriptional factor genes ( Supplementary Fig.2) that efficiently and specifically regulate gene expression during metabolic differentiation, as reported in other Streptomyces species [4][5][6][7] .…”

Characterization and potential antifungal activities of three Streptomyces spp. as biocontrol agents against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary infecting green bean

“…The interaction of Streptomyces with the pathogenic fungi is usually due to the production of cell wall-degrading enzymes such as cellulases, chitinases, amylases, and glucanases. Also, the parasitic activity of Streptomyces species upon phytopathogenic fungi was demonstrated by light and scanning electron micrographs (Zamoum Miyada et al 2017 andKong et al 2019). Furthermore, Streptomyces spp.…”

The Inhibition of Antibiotic Production in Streptomyces coelicolor Over-Expressing the TetR Regulator SCO3201 IS Correlated With Changes in the Lipidome of the Strain

“…To be functional, these cluster-situlated regulators (CSR) require the binding of specific ligands that would be depleted in the sco3201 over-expressing strain. Several reports in the literature mention that biosynthetic intermediates or even end-products of biosynthetic pathways interact with CSR and auto-control either positively, if poorly abundant, or negatively, if highly abundant, the expression of the corresponding pathway (Kong et al, 2019). If the expression level of the biosynthetic pathways is null in the strain overexpressing sco3201, positive regulation by intermediates or end products of the pathway cannot take place.…”