Regulation of Blood Pressure

Pal, Gopal; Pal, Pravati; Nanda, Nivedita

doi:10.5005/jp/books/12961_14

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Total peripheral resistance is considered a marker of resting sympathetic vasoconstrictor discharge. [12] In this study, TPR increased in the study group, indicating an increase in the sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone in them compared to control group. These findings were further substantiated by the correlation test results, which revealed a significant negative correlation between TP, BHR and DBP, and a significant positive correlation between TP and BRS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with Epilepsy

Sravanthi

Pal

Nair³

et al. 2021

IJCEP

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Background and Aim: Increase prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been reported in people living with epilepsy (PWE) compared to the general population. This study was done to assess the cardiovascular risk of PWE using Heart rate variability (HRV) and Blood Pressure variability (BPV) techniques. Methods: Twenty-seven patients with epilepsy and thirty age and gender-matched healthy individuals were included in the study and control group, respectively. Basal cardiovascular parameters (heart rate-HR, systolic blood pressure-SBP, diastolic blood pressure-DBP), HRV indices, and BPV parameters were recorded and compared between the study and control group individuals. In addition, the association of the Total Power (TP) of HRV with other study parameters was assessed by Pearson correlation coefficient test. Results: Cardiovascular parameters such as HR, SBP, DBP, rate pressure product, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance were significantly high in PWE compared to healthy individuals. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and HRV parameters indicative of cardiac parasympathetic drive (TP, SDNN, RMSSD, and pNN50) were significantly low in these individuals. While a significant negative correlation was observed between TP, BHR and DBP, a significant positive correlation was observed between TP and BRS. Conclusion: Cardiac sympathovagal imbalance characterized by increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity was evident in PWE. These changes in the autonomic nervous system could predispose them to increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with Epilepsy

Sravanthi

Pal

Nair³

et al. 2021

IJCEP

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“…Further, resting tachycardia in these patients with diabetes could be a CV risk in them, as BHR more than 75 per min per se has been reported as an established CV risk [42]. The considerable rise in SBP and DBP in diabetes group compared to control group (Table 1) suggests a higher sympathetic tone in patients with diabetes, as basal increase in blood pressure represents increased sympathetic vasoconstrictor tone [43]. In the present study, SBP of 59% (59/42) of the diabetic population was in the prehypertensive range (SBP between 120 and 139 mmHg), though they were not on any antihypertensive medications including beta blockers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Increased osteoprotegerin level is associated with impaired cardiovagal modulation in type-2 diabetic patients treated with oral antidiabetic drugs

Malhotra

Nanda

Sahoo

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background An increased osteoprotegerin (OPG) level has been reported in both type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diease (CVD) that are linked to sympathovagal imbalance (SVI). We explored the link of osteoprotegerin with cardiovagal modulation in T2DM. Methods We assessed fasting serum OPG, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glucose, insulin and lipid profile in patients having T2DM receiving oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD) (n = 42) compared with age, gender and body composition-matched healthy participants without diabetes (n = 42). Rate pressure product (RPP), spectral indices of heart rate variability (HRV) and body composition were recorded in both the groups. Association of HOMA-IR and OPG with various parameters were assessed. Results Osteoprotegerin, HOMA-IR, hsCRP, coronary lipid risk factor were significantly increased, markers of cardiovagal modulation (TP, SDNN, RMSSD) were considerably decreased, ratio of low-frequency to high-frequency (LH-HF ratio), the indicator of SVI, and RPP, the marker of myocardial work stress were significantly higher in patients with diabetes, suggesting an overall elevated CVD risks in them. HOMA-IR was correlated with RMSSD, lipid risk factors and OPG. Rise in OPG was correlated with decreased cardiovagal modulation in patients with diabetes. There was significant contribution of OPG in decreasing TP, suggesting impaired cardiovagal modulation. Conclusion T2DM patients receiving OAD had higher cardiometabolic risks compared to age, gender and body composition-matched healthy individuals. Increased level of OPG is linked to decreased cardiovagal modulation in T2DM patients.

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“…The level of blood pressure is the function of vascular resistance that reflects the sympathetic tone. [28] Thus increase in SBP and DBP in study group subjects compared to control group subjects indicates the increase sympathetic tone in pregnant women with risk factors for PIH. RPP is a measure of myocardial work load and oxygen utilization.…”

Section: Dicussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Sympathovagal imbalance, cardiometabolic risks and hypertension status are linked to depression in women having risk factors for pregnancy-induced hypertension

Pal

Habeebullah

Madhavan

et al. 2021

IJCEP

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Background and Aim: Pregnancy is a physiological state in which there are cardiovascular, autonomic, hemodynamic and psychological changes. Increase in incidence of stress and depression in antenatal period has been reported. Autonomic changes in pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and its dysfunction in depression are well documented. However, there is no report of contribution of sympathovagal imbalance (SVI) and cardiometabolic alterations to stress and depression in PIH. Methods: In this case-control study, we assessed and analyzed cardiovascular autonomic functions including heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiometabolic risks (CMR) between pregnant women having risks of PIH (n=62) and normal healthy pregnant women (n=68). The perceived stress scale (PSS-10) and Quality of Life (QoL) were used to evaluate depressive symptoms and perceived stress. The HRV and CMR parameters were correlated with PSS. Multiple regression analysis was performed individually to study their association with PSS. Logistic regression was done to determine the prediction of hypertension/prehypertension status by PSS. Results: There was increase in heart rate and blood pressure, decreased HRV and increased markers of insulin resistance, atherogenic lipid profile, markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and vascular endothelial dysfunction in PIH risk subjects compared to control subjects. Parameters of SVI and decreased cardiovagal modulation and CMR were significantly correlated and associated with PSS. PSS had independent prediction of prehypertension/hypertension status in the study group. Conclusion: Findings of the present study indicate that there is considerable SVI and CMR in PIH. It appears that depression is the major cause of SVI and decreased cardiovagal modulation in PIH, and retrograde inflammation and vascular endothelial dysfunction could be the potential mechanisms of depression mediated SVI in PIH.

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Regulation of Blood Pressure

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with Epilepsy

Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in People Living with Epilepsy

Increased osteoprotegerin level is associated with impaired cardiovagal modulation in type-2 diabetic patients treated with oral antidiabetic drugs

Sympathovagal imbalance, cardiometabolic risks and hypertension status are linked to depression in women having risk factors for pregnancy-induced hypertension

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