Regulation of Chorionic Gonadotropin Secretion by Cultured Human Blastocysts

Lopata, Alexander; Oliva, Karen

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9317-7_20

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Yet the output of HCG was much less (in the order of 10 000 times) than that normally produced in vivo, given the levels which appear in blood at the equivalent stage of gestation (Lenton et al, 1982). Lopata and Oliva (1993) showed how output in vitro could be improved by Points below the dotted line represent amounts below the detection limit of the assay. Values in brackets indicate the number of samples below the limit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lack of evidence for the prodection of interreron -α-like species by the cultured human pre-embryo

Gunn¹,

Homa

Searle³

et al. 1994

Human Reproduction

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The aim of this study was to determine if the human pre-embryo produces a substance similar to the trophoblast interferon secreted by ruminant trophoblasts. Human embryos surplus to in-vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment were cultured up to 14 days following IVF. Viable cultures were determined by microscopic examination and by assay of the culture medium for human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). Four stages of development were visually identified: pre-blastocyst, unhatched, part-hatched and fully hatched blastocyst. HCG was detected in medium which had contained the more developmentally advanced embryos. A total of 62 samples were assayed for human interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), including all cultures presumed viable. None contained detectable IFN-alpha immunoreactivity. Out of 14 candidate samples subjected to cytopathic effect reduction assay, none contained antiviral activity. We suggest that a trophoblast-derived interferon, unlike HCG, does not play a significant role in the maternal recognition of pregnancy in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lack of evidence for the prodection of interreron -α-like species by the cultured human pre-embryo

Gunn¹,

Homa

Searle³

et al. 1994

Human Reproduction

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show abstract

“…An alternative approach of detecting embryonic antigens/ products, such as EPF, CG and PAF, in the circulation to detect early pregnancy in primates has been employed by some investigators. There exists definitive evidence of CG being produced by preimplantation blastocysts in humans (Lopata and Olivia, 1993;Seshagiri and Hearn, 1993;Woodward et al, 1993;Seshagiri et al, 1994;Jurisicova et al, 1999). However, its utility in detecting very early pregnancy could not be exploited in non-human primates because of the non-availability of cross-reactive antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from CG, early pregnancy factor (EPF), plateletactivating factor (PAF) and preimplantation factor (PIF) have also been shown to be produced by preimplantation stage embryos, and significant levels of these markers have been detected in the maternal serum in the presence of a viable embryo in the uterine cavity (O'Neill et al, 1987;Harper et al, 1989;Nakatsuka et al, 1992;Lopata and Olivia, 1993;Shu-Xin and Zhen-Qun, 1993;Woodward et al, 1993;Roussev et al, 1995;Fan and Zheng, 1996;Jurisicova et al, 1999). Amongst these, PIF has been shown to be specifically associated with pregnancy and is reported to be present in maternal serum even in the preimplantation period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%