Regulation of dietary astragalus polysaccharide (APS) supplementation on the non-specific immune response and intestinal microbiota of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Effects of Yu-Ping-Feng polysaccharides (YPS) on the immune response, intestinal microbiota, disease resistance and growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei

“…Meanwhile, the expression levels of Imd in hemocytes and intestine varied with the composition of YPS, while similar results were not observed in the expression level of Toll, which may be attributed to the fact that the Toll pathway was more sensitive than the Imd pathway under the stimulation of YPS. Previous studies suggested that the expression level of NF-κB in sea cucumber increased after dietary APS supplementation [55], and Wongprasert et al (2015) reported that dietary sulfated galactans extracted from Gracilaria fisheri effectively activated the NF-κB signaling pathway in the hemocytes of L. vannamei [56]. In accordance with previous studies, YPS supplementation significantly increased the expression levels of Dorsal and Relish in present study.…”

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth performance, plasma biochemistry, lipid metabolism and intestinal microbiota of juvenile golden pompano ( Trachinotus ovatus )

“…Sequences were rarefied prior to calculation of alpha diversity statistics. Alpha diversity was calculated by QIIME (V1.9.1), and pictures were drawn by R (v3.3.1) (Song, Feng, et al, 2019;You et al, 2019) Statistical differences of alpha diversity between treatments were performed according to Tukey's test.…”

Fishmeal and scallop mantle subjected to enzymolysis by papain as a substitute for fishmeal could modulate the growth, antioxidant activity and non‐specific immune responses in juvenile sea cucumber ( Apostichopus japonicus )

“…Juvenile sea cucumbers were collected from an aquaculture farm in Qingdao, China, and maintained in a recirculation system in our laboratory at a water temperature of 15-19℃ (Feng et al, 2020;Song et al, ,2019Song et al, , , 2021Zeng et al, 2020). During the experiment, the pH of the water was maintained at 7.8-8.2, and the salinity was maintained at 31%-32‰.…”

“…PCR was run in triplicate using the following conditions: 10 min at 95℃ followed by 40 cycles of 30 s at 95℃, 15 s at 60℃ and 10 min at 72℃. The quantitative primers of reference genes (β-actin) and immune-and antioxidant-related genes in this experiment are listed in Table 2 ( Song et al, 2019). Data were quantified using the 2 −∆∆Ct method based on Ct values.…”