Regulation of Energy Expenditure and Brown/Beige Thermogenic Activity by Interleukins: New Roles for Old Actors

García, María del Carmen García; Pazos, Patricia; Lima, Luís; Diéguez, Carlos

doi:10.3390/ijms19092569

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 291 publications

(426 reference statements)

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“…However, there is an increasing amount of evidence that inflammation directly alters the thermogenic activity of brown fat by impairing its energy expenditure mechanism and glucose uptake. Pro-inflammatory cytokines can affect thermogenesis in BAT (104)(105)(106) and also determine the capacity of WAT browning (106,107). It has been clearly demonstrated that infiltrated macrophages and other immune cells in subcutaneous WAT negatively impact the ability of precursor cells to differentiate into thermogenically active beige adipocytes because of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and generating an inflammatory microenvironment (108).…”

Section: Impact Of Inflammation and Inflammatory Mediators On Brown Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Signaling and Brown Fat Activity

Omran

Christian

2020

Front. Endocrinol.

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Obesity is characterized by a state of chronic inflammation in adipose tissue mediated by the secretion of a range of inflammatory cytokines. In comparison to WAT, relatively little is known about the inflammatory status of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in physiology and pathophysiology. Because BAT and brown/beige adipocytes are specialized in energy expenditure they have protective roles against obesity and associated metabolic diseases. BAT appears to be is less susceptible to developing inflammation than WAT. However, there is increasing evidence that inflammation directly alters the thermogenic activity of brown fat by impairing its capacity for energy expenditure and glucose uptake. The inflammatory microenvironment can be affected by cytokines secreted by immune cells as well as by the brown adipocytes themselves. Therefore, pro-inflammatory signals represent an important component of the thermogenic potential of brown and beige adipocytes and may contribute their dysfunction in obesity.

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Section: Impact Of Inflammation and Inflammatory Mediators On Brown Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Signaling and Brown Fat Activity

Omran

Christian

2020

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…The G allele is more common in lean subjects and subjects with the G174C or G174G genotype have a significantly higher energy expenditure than those with the C174C genotype [43]. IL-6 can influence energy expenditure, improving the stimulation of sympathetic neurons [44].…”

Section: From Health To Disease Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Personalized Nutrition in Chronic-Degenerative Diseases

et al. 2019

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Human nutrition is a branch of medicine based on foods biochemical interactions with the human body. The phenotypic transition from health to disease status can be attributed to changes in genes and/or protein expression. For this reason, a new discipline has been developed called “-omic science”. In this review, we analyzed the role of “-omics sciences” (nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, proteomics and metabolomics) in the health status and as possible therapeutic tool in chronic degenerative diseases. In particular, we focused on the role of nutrigenetics and the relationship between eating habits, changes in the DNA sequence and the onset of nutrition-related diseases. Moreover, we examined nutrigenomics and the effect of nutrients on gene expression. We perused the role of proteomics and metabolomics in personalized nutrition. In this scenario, we analyzed also how dysbiosis of gut microbiota can influence the onset and progression of chronic degenerative diseases. Moreover, nutrients influencing and regulating gene activity, both directly and indirectly, paves the way for personalized nutrition that plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of chronic degenerative diseases.

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“…COX gm RNA and de novo synthesis of an enzyme are induced during the medication of vascular smooth muscle cells with epidermal growth factor 50 or fibroblast and monocytes with early inflammatory inducements like as interleukin-1 51,52 or lipopolysaccharide 53 . Needleman"s and his coworker stated "Clearly, those putative enzyme pools may arise as different gene products, possibly through the expression of different COX genes" in his paper 54 .…”

Section: The Development Of Field and Discovery Of Cox-2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2020

IJPSR

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NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) show its effect by preventing prostaglandin synthesis, which reasons ulcer complications and mucosal damage all over the gastrointestinal tract. The world"s most accepted drug was aspirin for treatment of pain and inflammation without knowing that it has the ability to inhibit prostaglandin production by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzyme for the treatment of pain and inflammation, until the late 1970s. The discovery of cyclo-oxygenase isoenzyme (COX-1 and COX-2), and their distinct function leads to the development of COX-1 and COX-2 selective inhibitors without any gastrointestinal toxicity. Initial intimations of the second form of cyclooxygenase (COX-2), which has different sensitivity for other drugs like aspirin, finally accompanied in a stimulating period of cyclooxygenase inhibitor discovery, concluding in the overview of an absolutely new generation of antiinflammatory drugs. The aim of this paper is to review the development of COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors. This paper also reviews that, what are the importance and history of natural products in the treatment of inflammation as COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor. INTRODUCTION: Responsive phase of hyperemia and exudation of blood vessels consequences into inflammation, which leads swelling, consequent redness, heat, and pain in the tissue due to bacterial attack and many more causes like chemical hazards or physical injury 1. Inflammation is a tissue reaction by the body against damage, which comprises a multifaceted display of enzyme initiation, arbitrator issue, cell immigration, extravasations of fluid, repair, and breakdown of tissue 2 .

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Regulation of Energy Expenditure and Brown/Beige Thermogenic Activity by Interleukins: New Roles for Old Actors

Cited by 20 publications

References 291 publications

Inflammatory Signaling and Brown Fat Activity

Inflammatory Signaling and Brown Fat Activity

Role of Personalized Nutrition in Chronic-Degenerative Diseases

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