Regulation of flowering in rice: two florigen genes, a complex gene network, and natural variation

Tsuji, Hiroyuki; Taoka, Ken‐ichiro; Shimamoto, Ko

doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2010.08.016

Cited by 295 publications

(242 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Ehd1 is an evolutionarily unique gene in rice that does not have an ortholog in Arabidopsis. The regulation of Ehd1 expression also involves a gene network distinct from that in Arabidopsis (Doi et al ., 2004; Tsuji et al ., 2011). Ehd1 promotes the expression of RFT1 , and Ehd1 transcript levels increase in the presence of OsGI , Ehd2 , Ehd3 and Ehd4 under LDs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ehd1 promotes the expression of RFT1 , and Ehd1 transcript levels increase in the presence of OsGI , Ehd2 , Ehd3 and Ehd4 under LDs. By contrast, Ehd1 promotes the expression of Hd3a , and Ehd1 transcript levels increase in the presence of OsGI under SD conditions (Doi et al ., 2004; Komiya et al ., 2009; Tsuji et al ., 2011). In the current study, OsTrx1 and SIP1 were identified as new factors that positively regulate Ehd1 , suggesting that the activation of Ehd1 requires factors involved not only in transcriptional regulation, but also in histone modification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SIP1 participates in regulation of flowering time in rice by recruiting OsTrx1 to Ehd1

et al. 2018

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Summary Flowering time (heading date) in rice (Oryza sativa) is an important agronomic trait that determines yield. The levels of histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) modulated by TRITHORAX‐like proteins regulate gene transcription, flowering time and environmental stress responses. However, plant TRITHORAX‐like proteins have no known DNA‐binding domain, and therefore the mechanism that gives sequence specificity to these proteins remains unclear.Here, we show that the rice TRITHORAX‐like protein OsTrx1 is recruited to its target, Early heading date 1 (Ehd1), by the C2H2 zinc finger protein SDG723/OsTrx1/OsSET33 Interaction Protein 1 (SIP1). SIP1 binds to the promoter of Ehd1 and interacts with OsTrx1. Mutations in SIP1 led to a late heading date under long‐day and short‐day conditions. Defects in OsTrx1 or SIP1 led to reduced H3K4me3 levels at Ehd1, thus reducing Ehd1 expression.Together, our results show that the transcription factor SIP1 interacts with OxTrx1, allowing OsTrx1 to specifically target Ehd1, altering H3K4me3 levels, increasing Ehd1 expression and thereby promoting flowering.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIP1 participates in regulation of flowering time in rice by recruiting OsTrx1 to Ehd1

et al. 2018

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“…In LD conditions Hd1 acts as a flowering repressor inhibiting Hd3a expression but promotes its expression and subsequent flowering in SD [41]. Ghd7 is a small protein with a CCT-domain that represses Ehd1 expression and downstream Hd3a/RFT1 expression in LD conditions to delay flowering [42][43][44][45]. Recent studies demonstrated that the interaction between Ghd7 and Hd1 can play a critical role in repressing Ehd1.…”

Section: Arabidopsis and Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it is stable and functionally active even in the absences of other phytochromes, compared with rice and Arabidopsis [67]. Blue and far-red lights promote flowering in Arabidopsis and rice, acting through the action of PHYA, CRY1 and CRY2 photoreceptors in Arabidopsis, while red light delays flowering [12,33,43,67]. On the other hand, PHYB modulates the expression of genes in response to red light and is the main component of the shade-avoidance mechanism in Arabidopsis.…”

Section: Photoreceptors Involved In Flowering Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent studies, photoperiodic sensitivity 5 (SE5) and PHYB also suppress Ehd1 expression, by suppressing Oryza sativa CO-like4 (OsCOL4) [39]. Rice mutants deficient in PHYB have reduced sensitivity to red light and are early flowering [43,60]. In contrast, phyB null mutations in wheat are connected with delayed flowering [24].…”

Section: Photoreceptors Involved In Flowering Timementioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Regulation of Flowering Time in Grasses

Nuñez

Yamada

2017

Agronomy

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Flowering time is a key target trait for extending the vegetative phase to increase biomass in bioenergy crops such as perennial C 4 grasses. Molecular genetic studies allow the identification of genes involved in the control of flowering in different species. Some regulatory factors of the Arabidopsis pathway are conserved in other plant species such as grasses. However, differences in the function of particular genes confer specific responses to flowering. One of the major pathways is photoperiod regulation, based on the interaction of the circadian clock and environmental light signals.Depending on their requirements for day-length plants can be classified as long-day (LD), short-day (SD), and day-neutral. The CONSTANS (CO) and Heading Date 1 (Hd1), orthologos genes, are central regulators in the flowering of Arabidopsis and rice, LD and SD plants, respectively. Additionally, Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) induces the expression of Heading date 3a (Hd3a), conferring SD promotion and controls Rice Flowering Locus T 1 (RFT1) in LD conditions, independently of Hd1. Nevertheless, the mechanisms promoting flowering in perennial bioenergy crops are poorly understood. Recent progress on the regulatory network of important gramineous crops and components involved in flowering control will be discussed.

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Phenotypic and Developmental Plasticity in Plants

Palmer

Bush

Maloof

2012

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Plants have a remarkable ability to alter their development in response to myriad environmental cues or stress. This phenotypic plasticity allows them to continually adapt to their local environment, a necessity for plants as sessile organisms. A host of environmental cues can be interpreted by plants, including light, temperature and nutrients, and these inputs are integrated and translated into a range of developmental outputs from shoot elongation, regulation of root gravitropism, altered flowering time, growth cessation of leaves, and timing of germination. This plasticity enables growth optimisation for the local environment, allows range expansion into hetergeneous habitats, and may provide an advantage as the changing climate affects growth conditions around the globe. Using model organisms such as Arabidopsis , molecular mechanisms for plastic growth responses are becoming more defined. Studies of growth and plasticity in less‐characterized species could expand our knowledge of the range of plasticity present in nature. Key Concepts: Multiple environmental signals are integrated to regulate plant development. Plasticity gives plants the ability to optimise growth in varied environments. Developmental plasticity comes from the meristem, which continuously produces organs throughout the plant life cycle. Environmental cues can lead to changes in mRNA and protein abundance or activity, or they can be stored as epigenetic changes. Roots and shoots respond to different environmental conditions but employ similar cellular processes. Plants’ ability to optimise growth for a local environment may provide an advantage as habitats are altered by the changing climate.

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Regulation of flowering in rice: two florigen genes, a complex gene network, and natural variation

Cited by 295 publications

References 54 publications

SIP1 participates in regulation of flowering time in rice by recruiting OsTrx1 to Ehd1

SIP1 participates in regulation of flowering time in rice by recruiting OsTrx1 to Ehd1

Molecular Regulation of Flowering Time in Grasses

Phenotypic and Developmental Plasticity in Plants

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