Regulation of Gibberellin Formation by the Fungus
            <i>Gibberella Fujikuroi</i>

Brückner, B.

doi:10.1002/9780470514344.ch8

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There are a number of reports indicating that plant growth promoting fungi (PGPF) improve crop productivity [ 4 , 25 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. The IAA, the main auxin, is crucial for the majority of plant growth and development processes “and it is also a major factor determining the competition between fungal species that occupy the same niche [ 15 ]”.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Indoleacetic Acid, Gibberellic Acid and ACC-Deaminase by Mortierella Strains Promote Winter Wheat Seedlings Growth under Different Conditions

Ozimek

Jaroszuk-Ściseł

Bohacz

et al. 2018

IJMS

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The endogenous pool of phytoregulators in plant tissues supplied with microbial secondary metabolites may be crucial for the development of winter wheat seedlings during cool springs. The phytohormones may be synthesized by psychrotrophic microorganisms in lower temperatures occurring in a temperate climate. Two fungal isolates from the Spitzbergen soils after the microscopic observations and “the internal transcribed spacer” (ITS) region molecular characterization were identified as Mortierella antarctica (MA DEM7) and Mortierella verticillata (MV DEM32). In order to study the synthesis of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA), Mortierella strains were grown on media supplemented with precursor of phytohormones tryptophan at 9, 15 °C, and 20 °C for nine days. The highest amount of IAA synthesis was identified in MV DEM32 nine-day-culture at 15 °C with 1.5 mM of tryptophan. At the same temperature (15 °C), the significant promoting effect (about 40% root and shoot fresh weight) of this strain on seedlings was observed. However, only MA DEM-7 had the ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase activity with the highest efficiency at 9 °C and synthesized IAA without tryptophan. Moreover, at the same conditions, the strain was confirmed to possess the strong promoting effect (about 40% root and 24% shoot fresh weight) on seedlings. Both strains synthesized GA in all tested terms and temperatures. The studied Mortierella strains had some important traits that led them to be considered as microbial biofertilizers components, improving plant growth in difficult temperate climates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Indoleacetic Acid, Gibberellic Acid and ACC-Deaminase by Mortierella Strains Promote Winter Wheat Seedlings Growth under Different Conditions

Ozimek

Jaroszuk-Ściseł

Bohacz

et al. 2018

IJMS

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“…The production of plant growth promoting metabolites by endophytic fungi plays a vital role in soil fertility. Gibberellins (GAs) and indole acetic acid (IAA) are two important growth regulating metabolites, produced commercially from fungi and used in the agriculture and horticulture industry (Bruckner 1992). GAs appears to be involved in every aspect of plant growth and development, but its most typical property is the promotion of stem growth (Nishijima et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gibberellin production by pure cultures of a new strain of Aspergillus fumigatus

Hamayun

Khan

et al. 2009

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Fungal endophytes produce a variety of favorable metabolites for plant growth and survival, but there is limited information on their gibberellin (GA) production capacity. In the current study, we isolated eight endophytic fungi from the roots of a drought stressed soybean cultivar Hwangkeumkong, and screened them on waito-c rice for plant growth promotion. Seven fungal isolates promoted plant growth, while one inhibited it. The culture filtrate (CF) of fungal isolate HK-5-2 provided the best results for growth promotion and was thus bioassayed on soybean. HK-5-2 CF enhanced plant length, plant fresh and dry weight and endogenous bioactive GA 1 and GA 4 contents of soybean as compared to control. The GA analysis of HK-5-2 CF showed the presence of bioactive GA 3 (8.38 ng/ml), GA 4 (2.16 ng/ml) and GA 7 (1.56 ng/ml) in conjunction with physiologically inactive GA 5 , GA 19 and GA 24 . Gibberella fujikuroi was used as positive control during this experiment. The fungal isolate HK-5-2 was identified as a new strain of Aspergillus fumigatus through molecular and phylogenetic analysis of 18S and 28S rDNA sequences.

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“…Gibberellin (GA) and indole-acetic acid (IAA) are secondary metabolites, which are important biotechnological products, produced commercially from fungi for the agricultural and horticultural industry (Deacon 1984, Bruckner 1992. GA was isolated from Gibberella fujikuroi by T. Yabuta and IAA was isolated from Rhizopus suinus by K.V.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gibberellin and auxin production by plant root-fungi and their biosynthesis under salinity-calcium interaction

Hasan¹

2002

Plant Soil Environ.

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Rhizosphere and rhizoplane of fababean (Vicia faba), melochia (Corchorus olitorius), sesame (Sesamum indicum) and soyabean (Glycine max) plants are inhabited with fungi, mostly Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium corylophilum, P. cyclopium, P. funiculosum and Rhizopus stolonifer. All fungal species have the ability to produce gibberellin (GA) but F. oxysporum was found to produce both GA and indole-acetic acid (IAA). The optimum period for GA and IAA production by F. oxysporum was 10 days in the mycelium and 15 days in the filtrate at 28°C. The contents of GA and IAA were significantly increased at 0.5 and 1% NaCl after 5 days, but they were lowered at 4% (700 mM) NaCl. Cytochrome P-450 was significantly increased under salt stress at 0.5-7% NaCl. Calcium decreased NaCl stress on F. oxysporum by significant elevating GA biosynthesis at 40 mM Ca 2+ /700 mM Na + . GA at 10 µM and Ca 2+ at 10 mM enhanced the germination of seeds under 175 mM Na + .Keywords: GA; IAA; cytochrome; fungi; calcium; salinityThe microbial synthesis of plant growth regulators (gibberellin and auxin) is an important factor in soil fertility (Kampert and Strzelczyk 1975). Gibberellin (GA) and indole-acetic acid (IAA) are secondary metabolites, which are important biotechnological products, produced commercially from fungi for the agricultural and horticultural industry (Deacon 1984, Bruckner 1992. GA was isolated from Gibberella fujikuroi by T. Yabuta and IAA was isolated from Rhizopus suinus by K.V. Thimann in 1935. GA 3 is the dominant component of the gibberellin complexes isolated from fungi (Bozhkova et al. 1991). It is now generally agreed that GA and IAA are very widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom.Salinity represents one of the most important factors exerting stress on fungal as well as plant cell metabolism. Kaur et al. (1998) found that GA 3 at 6µM concentration induced increased germination and seedling growth under salt stress. Calcium is particularly important nutrient in plants exposed to NaCl stress because of its role in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of membrane (Leopold and Willing 1984) and in cell wall extensibility (Taiz 1984).No recent study explains the ability of filamentous fungi, associated with roots of plant crops, for the GA and IAA production and their role toward the host plant crops. Also, no studies explain the effect of salinity on the activity of rhizosphere and rhizoplane fungi and role of Ca 2+ and GA in alleviation the salt stress. The present work was commenced by collecting four plant crops for isolation of both rhizosphere and rhizoplane fungi, and screening their efficiencies for GA and IAA production. Also, effect of salinity on GA, IAA and cytochrome P-450 biosynthesis by F. oxysporum was studied. The roles of GA and Ca 2+ in reversing the toxicity of salt stress effect in seedlings were also studied. MATERIAL AND METHODSCollection of samples. Ten samples of fababean (Vicia faba), melochia (Corchorus olitorius), sesame (Sesamum ind...

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Regulation of Gibberellin Formation by the Fungus Gibberella Fujikuroi

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Synthesis of Indoleacetic Acid, Gibberellic Acid and ACC-Deaminase by Mortierella Strains Promote Winter Wheat Seedlings Growth under Different Conditions

Synthesis of Indoleacetic Acid, Gibberellic Acid and ACC-Deaminase by Mortierella Strains Promote Winter Wheat Seedlings Growth under Different Conditions

Gibberellin production by pure cultures of a new strain of Aspergillus fumigatus

Gibberellin and auxin production by plant root-fungi and their biosynthesis under salinity-calcium interaction

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