Regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis: Studies of mechanisms controlling enzyme activity

Weber, George; Lea, Michael A.; Convery, Hazel J. Hird; Stamm, Nancy B.

doi:10.1016/0065-2571(67)90020-9

Cited by 135 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The physiological significance of these differences is not immediately apparent, nor indeed is it clear as to the significance of the fact that alloxan diabetes seems to have effected the two ribosomal populations of the liver in a different fashion. One possible explanation for the latter phenomenon may be related to the fact that a major effect of diabetes on the liver is to increase the activity of several enzymes necessary for new glucose production (17). It seems possible that the changes observed in hepatocytes of rats with experimental diabetes may be viewed as a reflection of this process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Experimental Diabetes Mellitus and Insulin Replacement on Hepatic Ultrastructure and Protein Synthesis

Reaven¹,

Peterson²,

Reaven³

1973

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T The following study was conducted in order to define the specific alterations in hepatic ultrastructure responsible for the decrease in hepatic protein synthesis associated with experimental diabetes. Rats received intravenous alloxan (70 mg/kg) and 48 h later were either sacrificed or given insulin for 1, 2, 4, 6, or 24 h. Specimens for electron microscopic evaluation and morphometric analysis were taken from the same livers used to isolate ribosomes for measurement of in vitro protein synthesis. Our results show that hepatocytes from animals with untreated alloxan diabetes show varying degrees of disorganization and loss of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) which is directly related to the severity of the alloxan diabetes. A significant correlation existed between the severity of ultrastructural changes as judged by the loss of both membrane and polysome components of the RER and degree of inhibition of protein synthesis (P < 0.001). Abnormalities of hepatic ultrastructure and protein synthesis were reversed within 24 h of insulin administration. The data are consistent with the view that it is the relative decrease in hepatic polysomes that results from the loss of RER in alloxan diabetes that is responsible for the decrease in hepatic protein synthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Experimental Diabetes Mellitus and Insulin Replacement on Hepatic Ultrastructure and Protein Synthesis

Reaven¹,

Peterson²,

Reaven³

1973

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…CARDELL et al (1967) have considered that this increase of agranular endoplasmic reticulum is due to being converted from the granular endoplasmic reticulum by detachment of mem- As is well known, free fatty acids may be capable of regulating the activity of some enzymes (WEBER et al, 1966(WEBER et al, , 1967.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Electron Microscope Study of the Intestinal Absorption of Medium Chain and Long Chain Triglycerides in the Rat

Ohshima

1977

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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“…Increased renal gluconeogenic enzyme activity (69)(70)(71) and increased renal glucose release have been consistently demonstrated in studies of diabetic animals (72)(73)(74)(75). Indeed, Mithieux et al (71) demonstrated that there were comparable increases in hepatic and renal gluc o s e -6 -p h o s p h a t a s e a c t i v i t y i n streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.…”

Section: Role Of the Kidney In Types 1 And 2 Diabetes -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Gluconeogenesis

et al. 2001

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Renal GluconeogenesisIts importance in human glucose homeostasis R E V I E W A R T I C L EStudies conducted over the last 60 years in animals and in vitro have provided considerable evidence that the mammalian kidney can make glucose and release it under various conditions. Until quite recently, however, it was generally believed that the human kidney was not an important source of glucose except during acidosis and after prolonged fasting. This review will summarize early work in animals and humans, discuss methodological problems in assessing renal glucose release in vivo, and present results of recent human studies that provide evidence that the kidney may play a significant role in carbohydrate metabolism under both physiological and pathological conditions. R e v i e w s / C o m m e n t a r i e s / P o s i t i o n S t a t e m e n t s

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Regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis: Studies of mechanisms controlling enzyme activity

Cited by 135 publications

References 56 publications

The Effect of Experimental Diabetes Mellitus and Insulin Replacement on Hepatic Ultrastructure and Protein Synthesis

The Effect of Experimental Diabetes Mellitus and Insulin Replacement on Hepatic Ultrastructure and Protein Synthesis

An Electron Microscope Study of the Intestinal Absorption of Medium Chain and Long Chain Triglycerides in the Rat

Renal Gluconeogenesis

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