Regulation of Maize Kernel Carbohydrate Metabolism by Abscisic Acid Applied at the Grain-Filling Stage at Low Soil Water Potential

Jiang, Zizhu; Piao, Lin; Zhu, Hengguang; Wang, Shuai; Zhu, Hongtao; Yang, Zhanhui; Tao, Yuzhao; Li, Ming; Liu, Changzhuang

doi:10.3390/su13063125

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Aliche et al [31] found that the normal metabolic system in plants was seriously damaged due to the increasing stress, which destroyed the balance of the enzyme system in plants and seriously affected the enzyme activity. Jiang et al [32] conducted drought stress on maize at the grain-filling stage, and the results showed that the enzyme activities of SS-1 and G6PDH first increased and then decreased with the aggravation of drought stress, consistent with the results of this experiment. 6PGDH and G6PDH are the key rate-limiting enzymes in PPP pathway.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effects of Drought Stress on Key Enzymes of Carbon Metabolism, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Agronomic Traits of Soybean at the Flowering Stage under Different Soil Substrates

Song¹,

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Phyton

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Soybean is an important legume food crop, and its seeds are rich in nutrients, providing humans and animals with edible oil and protein feed. However, soybean is sensitive to water requirements, and drought is an important factor limiting soybean yield and quality. This study used Heinong 84 (drought resistant variety) and Hefeng 46 (intermediate variety) as tested varieties planted in chernozem, albic, and black soils. The effects of drought stress on the activities of key enzymes in carbon metabolism and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean were studied during the flowering stage, most sensitive to water. (1) The activities of SS-1, 6PGDH, and G6PDH enzymes in soybean leaves first increased and then decreased under drought stress. The enzyme activity was the highest under moderate drought stress and weakest in the blank group. (2) Drought stress increased Phi2, PhiNO, and Fm in soybean leaves and reached the highest value under severe drought; with the increase in drought stress, PhiNPQ and Fv/Fm of soybean leaves gradually decreased, reaching the lowest under severe drought. (3) With the increase in drought stress, F 0 and Fs of soybean leaves showed a single peak curve, and the maximum was at moderate drought. (4) Correlation analysis showed that F 0 was greatly affected by varieties and soil types; Fs, F0, and Fm soil varieties had a great influence, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were affected differently under drought stress with different drought degrees. (5) Drought stress changed the agronomic traits and yield of soybean. With the increase of drought degree, plant height, node number of main stem, effective pod number, 100-seed weight and total yield decreased continuously. (6) Drought stress affected the dry matter accumulation of soybean. With the increase of drought degree, the dry matter accumulation gradually decreased. Among them, the leaf was most seriously affected by drought, and SD decreased by about 55% compared with CK. Under the condition of black soil, the dry matter accumulation of soybean was least affected by drought.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effects of Drought Stress on Key Enzymes of Carbon Metabolism, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Agronomic Traits of Soybean at the Flowering Stage under Different Soil Substrates

Song¹,

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Phyton

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“…This negatively impacts the rate and duration at which endosperm gathers starch which ultimately reduces grain weight (67). Ovary abortion occurs due to the increase in non-reducing sugars as well as the inability to accumulate starch under water deficit which consequently decreases grain yield (68,69). Moreover, drought during seed filling causes early senescence and reduces seed-filling duration and enhances assimilate remobilization from the source to sink (64).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpressing the IPT gene improves drought tolerance and nutritional value of tropical maize (Zea maysL.)

Muruo,

Nchore,

Oduor

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Drought stress poses a significant threat to crop productivity, making the development of drought-tolerant crops a priority. The impact of drought on grain yield loss varies significantly, ranging from 10% to 76%, depending on the specific stage of occurrence and the severity of the drought. In this study, we investigated the effects of introducing the pSARK::IPT transgene on the drought tolerance and nutritional composition of successive generations of tropical maize. Towards this goal, we screened different generations of maize plants by genotyping PCR, exposed them to long-term drought stress and analysed several drought stress markers and nutritional profiles of the plants. Our results demonstrated that the pSARK::IPT transgene was present in 4 successive generations of maize plants. Under drought conditions, transgenic maize exhibited higher relative water content, and delayed senescence compared to wild-type plants. Additionally, transgenic plants showed increased levels of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b, indicating improved photosynthetic activity under water deficit. Our study also showed that IPT-transgenic plants produced substantially higher yields and demonstrated enhanced nutritional value compared to wild-type plants when grown under well-watered conditions. Further research is warranted to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in these improvements and assess the performance of pSARK::IPT maize under field conditions.

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“…The ABA and water spraying occurred from 16:00 to 18:00 for three consecutive days. A dose of 0.5 mmol L − 1 ABA was used, based on previous research [ 56 ]. ABA was applied at 150 ± 5 ml per plant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) improves the filling process of maize grains at different ear positions by promoting starch accumulation and regulating hormone levels under high planting density

Yu,

Xin,

Liu

2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Higher planting densities typically cause a decline in grain weight, limiting the potential for high maize yield. Additionally, variations in grain filling occur at different positions within the maize ear. Abscisic acid (ABA) is important for grain filling and regulates grain weight. However, the effects of exogenous ABA on the filling process of maize grains at different ear positions under high planting density are poorly understood. In this study, two summer maize hybrids (DengHai605 (DH605) and ZhengDan958 (ZD958)) commonly grown in China were used to examine the effects of ABA application during the flowering stage on grain filling properties, starch accumulation, starch biosynthesis associated enzyme activities, and hormone levels of maize grain (including inferior grain (IG) and superior grain (SG)) under high planting density. Results Our results showed that exogenous ABA significantly increased maize yield, primarily owing to a higher grain weight resulting from an accelerated grain filling rate relative to the control. There was no significant difference in yield between DH605 and ZD958 in the control and ABA treatments. Moreover, applying ABA promoted starch accumulation by raising the activities of sucrose synthase, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, granule-bound starch synthases, soluble starch synthase, and starch branching enzyme in grains. It also increased the levels of zeatin riboside, indole-3-acetic acid, and ABA and decreased the level of gibberellin in grains, resulting in more efficient grain filling. Notably, IG exhibited a less efficient filling process compared to SG, probably due to lower starch biosynthesis associated enzyme activities and an imbalance in hormone contents. Nevertheless, IG displayed greater sensitivity to exogenous ABA than SG, suggesting that appropriate cultural measures to improve IG filling may be a viable strategy to further increase maize yield. Conclusions According to our results, spraying exogenous ABA could effectively improve grain filling properties, accelerate starch accumulation by increasing relevant enzyme activities, and regulate hormone levels in grains, resulting in higher grain weight and yield of maize under high planting density. Our findings offer more evidence for using exogenous hormones to improve maize yield under high planting density.

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Regulation of Maize Kernel Carbohydrate Metabolism by Abscisic Acid Applied at the Grain-Filling Stage at Low Soil Water Potential

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

Effects of Drought Stress on Key Enzymes of Carbon Metabolism, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Agronomic Traits of Soybean at the Flowering Stage under Different Soil Substrates

Effects of Drought Stress on Key Enzymes of Carbon Metabolism, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Agronomic Traits of Soybean at the Flowering Stage under Different Soil Substrates

Overexpressing the IPT gene improves drought tolerance and nutritional value of tropical maize (Zea maysL.)

Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) improves the filling process of maize grains at different ear positions by promoting starch accumulation and regulating hormone levels under high planting density

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