Regulation of Plant Organogenesis

Thorpe, Trevor A.; Biondi, Stefania

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-007901-8.50013-x

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 96 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…40 gl -~ for loblolly pine [85] and western white pine [5]. Biochemically, root initiation is a high-energy process requiring a continuous supply of free sugars from the medium [56,58,142,143,145,146,148]. In studies with other woody species, elevated sucrose (40 gl -~ ) significantly increased stem lignification and acclimatization success [47].…”

Section: In Vivo and In Vitro Rootingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In studies with other woody species, elevated sucrose (40 gl -~ ) significantly increased stem lignification and acclimatization success [47]. Since sucrose is widely utilized for energy and production of cellular components, and serves as an osmotic agent [88,145,146,148], it may be detrimental to reduce its concentration. It has not been demonstrated that lower sucrose helps conifer plantlets later during the transition from heterotrophism to autotrophism.…”

Section: In Vivo and In Vitro Rootingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…General physiological and biochemical events in the production of primordia, not just root primordia, have been discussed in several papers [56,142,143,144,147,148]. De novo organogenesis begins with changes in parenchyma cells.…”

Section: Root Morphogenesis and Genetic Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Root production and plantlet development in tissue-cultured conifers

Mohammed¹,

Vidaver

1988

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rooting and acclimatization procedures for micropropagated conifers are reviewed, with emphasis on their effects on root quality and plantlet performance in the nursery and field. Major influences on root production include auxin concentration and mode of application, shoot quality, donor age, clone and temperature. The development of a fibrous, well-branched root system has been a problem that may be solved by using rooting substrates that are better-aerated than agar. Further development of the root system may be enhanced by early air-pruning and ectomycorrhizal associations. During acclimatization, high humidity is required for conifers. However, conifers have an advantage over non-coniferous plantlets with respect to water loss because of a better development of the needle cuticles prior to transfer to in vivo conditions. In greenhouse and field comparisons with seedlings, plantlets were similar in survival and growth rate, but root systems were less fibrous. Also, features of early maturation have been observed for plantlets, the cause of which is uncertain. Pertinent research with rooted cuttings and seedlings of conifers has been cited to gain a better understanding of the factors involved in root production and development.

show abstract

Section: In Vivo and In Vitro Rootingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vivo and In Vitro Rootingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Root production and plantlet development in tissue-cultured conifers

Mohammed¹,

Vidaver

1988

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It should also be stressed that despite the fact one can now list a number of species in which random callus proliferation can be fostered on or from explants by addition of one of several cytokinins and auxins to a basal culture medium, and shoot and root formation may be induced thereafter by adjusting the exogenous auxin : cytokinin ratio, this procedure is by no means universally effective (Greshoff, 1978;Thorpe, 1978;Fosket, 1980). For example, cytokinins do not induce bud differentiation and growth de novo in systems that do not normally have a capacity for bud formation.…”

Section: T O T I P O T E N C Y ( I ) Organized Development From Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning Higher Plants From Aseptically Cultured Tissues and Cells

Krikorian

1982

Biological Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary 1. For a number of years considerable attention has been given both in the scientific and lay press to dramatic advances in the rapid clonal multiplication of plants by means of so‐called ‘modern’ tissue culture techniques. Because the words clone, cloning and tissue culture mean different things to different people, there is considerable confusion even among biologists as to what has actually been achieved. 2. An historical approach has been used to put the accomplishments into perspective. 3. Organ culture, tissue culture, cell or suspension culture and protoplast culture all offer varying degrees of potential for clonal multiplication but the most substantial progress has been made with explanted stem tips or lateral buds which can be stimulated to produce numerous precocious axillary branches. These, in turn, can be separated or subdivided and induced to root and thus yield populations of genetically and phenotypically uniform plantlets. 4. Similarly, undifferentiated calluses can sometimes be induced to form shoots and/or roots adventitiously. This method of stimulating organ development on callus is based on the now classic work of Skoog and Miller done in the I950s with the Wisconsin 38 strain of a ‘Havana’ cultivar of tobacco. Because of the growing criticism that when callus cultures are maintained for more than a few subcultures genetic or chromosomal aberrations are induced and these nullify the ultimate goal ‐ namely to get large numbers of genetically identical plants ‐ callus procedures are generally being relinquished in favour of precocious axillary branching methods. 5. The number of plantlets obtainable through the procedures with precocious axillary shoots or callus culture are fewer, in theory, than the number of plantlets obtainable from a somatic embryo system starting with cells grown in suspension culture. But the fact is that cell culture techniques required to produce somatic embryos are also demanding and very much in their infancy as far as their applicability to clonal multiplication is concerned. 6. Even so, slowly but steadily, advances are being made in learning how to stimulate formation of somatic or adventive embryos from totipotent cells grown in suspension culture. In cases where it has proven feasible, not only may somatic embryos be generated in great quantities, but their discrete bipolar nature often obviates the need for time‐consuming, laborious procedures to assure their success in a conventional soil or greenhouse setting. 7. While protoplast cultures are of very limited direct use for clonal propagation of higher plants, the procedures hold some hope as a vehicle whereby select useful genes can be introduced into plants. Parasexual hybridization, that is the production of hybrids by fusing totipotent protoplasts of different origin, offers no imminent prospects for the development of useful and novel plant types but may be applicable in the long term in very specific situations. 8. It is concluded that many problems exist in the producing and growing of totipo...

show abstract

“…Torrey (1966) coined this term and it refers to meristem-like aggregation of small cytoplasmic cells from which primordia ultimately developed ). Thorpe and his colleagues (see Thorpe and Biondi 1981) have contributed a significant amount of information to our understanding concerning tobacco meristemoid formation. However, "the precise histologic origins of Angiosperm meristemoids are generally unclear" and "there is a need for detailed study of the transformation of Angiosperm meristemoids into shoot meristems" (Hicks, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoot apical meristem ontogeny inArabidopsisembryo explants treated with abscisic acid

Paulraj

López‐Villalobos

Yeung

2015

Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The formation of meristemoids and the ontogeny of the shoot apical meristem were studied using cultured zygotic embryos of Arabidopsis thaliana LER ecotype. In the callus induction treatment, the procambial cells within the cotyledons of the embryo explants proliferated and gave rise to callus tissues. At the end of the treatment, a band of small cytoplasmic-rich cells derived from the procambium was produced and located at the outer surface of the callus. Upon transfer to the shoot induction medium (SIM) in the absence of abscisic acid (ABA), the cytoplasmic cells differentiated mainly into vascular elements and vacuolated parenchyma cells. This pattern of development negatively affected the explants ability to produce meristemoids and shoot apical meristems (SAMs). Contrary to the control, the inclusion of ABA in the SIM resulted first in starch synthesis and accumulation in the surface cytoplasmic cells. This was followed by the formation of cytoplasmic cells among the starch-rich cells; further proliferation of the cytoplasmic cells resulted in the formation of meristemoids. The formation of tracheary elements was suppressed in the ABA-containing SIM. Upon transferring to the shoot development medium which lacked plant growth regulators, some meristemoids differentiated into apical meristem cells. These cells had distinct nuclei and nucleoli, with little starch present.Additional cell divisions increased the size of the future SAM. Shoot buds with distinct SAMs were clearly delineated with the appearance of leaf primordia.

show abstract

Regulation of Plant Organogenesis

Cited by 19 publications

References 96 publications

Root production and plantlet development in tissue-cultured conifers

Root production and plantlet development in tissue-cultured conifers

Cloning Higher Plants From Aseptically Cultured Tissues and Cells

Shoot apical meristem ontogeny inArabidopsisembryo explants treated with abscisic acid

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About