Regulation of Salivary-Gland-Specific Gene Expression

Abstract

The results from in vivo transgenic and in vitro transfection studies designed to identify cis-element(s) and transfactor(s) governing the salivary proline-rich proteins (PRPs), amylase, and parotid secretory protein (PSP) gene expression are utilized as a paradigm to discuss the regulation of salivary-specific gene expression. Particular attention is given to the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the salivary PRP R15 gene regulation. In rodents, the PRPs are selectively expressed in the acinar cells of salivary glands, and are inducible by the :3-agonist isoproterenol and by dietary tannins. The results from a series of experiments using chimeric reporter constructs containing different lengths of the R15 distal enhancer region, their mutations, and various expressing constructs are analyzed and discussed. These data suggest that the inducible nuclear orphan receptor NGFI-B may participate in the regulation of salivary acinar-cell-specific and inducible expression of the rat RI 5 gene via three distinct distal NGFI-B sites. Taken together, a model for the induction of RI 5 gene expression by Ipr is proposed. However, the exact molecular basis of this NGFI-B-mediated transactivation of cAMP-regulated RI 5 expression remains to be established.

Sympathetic outflow activates the venom gland of the snakeBothrops jararacaby regulating the activation of transcription factors and the synthesis of venom gland proteins

“…It is known that sympathetic innervation plays an important role in stimulating the synthesis and secretion of salivary proteins (Mehansho and Carlson, 1983;Barka et al, 1986;Woon et al, 1993;Ann and Lin, 1997;Ann and Lin, 1998). In contrast, in the venom gland of the snake, noradrenergic stimulation seems to regulate the production of components of the machinery for venom production, rather than directly stimulating the synthesis of venom toxins.…”

“…Sympathetic outflow stimulates the synthesis of salivary proteins in mammals (Barka et al, 1986;Woon et al, 1993;Ann and Lin, 1997;Ann and Lin, 1998), and sympathetic stimulation with isoprenaline changes the gene expression pattern in the salivary (Ten Hagen et al, 2002). These data led us to the hypothesis that noradrenergic innervation could be important for the synthesis of venom proteins and/or proteins involved in venom production.…”

Visualizing form and function in organotypic slices of the adult mouse parotid gland

“…THE SALIVARY GLAND IS AN ESTABLISHED and valued model for studying exocrine gland development (2,9,29), protein synthesis and trafficking (5), Ca 2ϩ signaling (3,12,30), and fluid (16,18,21) and protein secretion (6,10,20,28) in health and disease (33). Previous studies on salivary gland function have primarily used whole animal or enzymatically dispersed acini or single cells.…”

Sistema nervoso simpático na ativação da glândula submandibular e parótida de camundongos.

“…Vários estudos foram realizados mostrando a expressão gênica e síntese de proteínas secretadas após o tratamento com isoprenalina (ANN; LINN; KOUSVELARI, 1997;LINN, 1998;BARKA, 1965a,b;TEN HAGEN et al, 2002;VUGMAN;HAND, 1995), Em relação às glândulas salivares, Nashida et al (2010) mostraram que o perfil de expressão gênica das glândulas submandibulares e parótidas diferem significativamente.…”