Regulation of vectorial supply of vesicles to the hyphal tip determines thigmotropism in Neurospora crassa

Stephenson, Karen; Gow, Neil A. R.; Davidson, Fordyce A.; Gadd, Geoffrey Michael

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2013.12.007

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The paradigm of this family is the N. crassa spray protein [71], an ER-localized calcium channel regulating thigmotropism, i.e. the ability of this organism to respond to a topographical stimulus by altering the axis of growth of the hyphae [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypotonic stress-induced calcium signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves TRP-like transporters on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane

et al. 2015

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells respond to hypotonic stress (HTS) by a cytosolic calcium rise, either generated by an influx of calcium from extracellular medium, when calcium is available, or by a release from intracellular stores in scarcity of extracellular calcium. Calcium release from intracellular compartments is peculiarly inhibited by external calcium in a calcineurin-independent and Cch1-, but not Mid1-, driven manner. HTS-induced calcium release is also negatively regulated by the ER protein Cls2 and involves a poorly characterized protein, FLC2/YAL053W gene product, previously proposed to be required for FAD transport in the ER, albeit, due to its molecular features, it was also previously classified as an ion transporter. A computational analysis revealed that this gene and its three homologs in S. cerevisiae, together with previously identified Schizosaccharomyces pombe pkd2 and Neurospora crassa calcium-related spray protein, belong to a fungal branch of TRP-like ion transporters related to human mucolipin and polycystin 2 calcium transporters. Moreover, disruption of FLC2 gene confers severe sensitivity to Calcofluor white and hyper-activation of the cell wall integrity MAPK cascade, suggesting a role in cell wall maintenance as previously suggested for the fission yeast homolog. Perturbation in cytosolic resting calcium concentration and hyper-activation of calcineurin in exponentially growing cells suggest a role for this transporter in calcium homeostasis in yeast.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypotonic stress-induced calcium signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves TRP-like transporters on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane

et al. 2015

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“…In addition, the formin BNI-1 (an F-actin polymerization protein), another polarisome putative component, has a distribution similar to that of BUD-6 but also co-localizes with the Spk 29 ( Figure 1A). Polarisome proteins are possibly involved in the thigmotropic response of N. crassa by mediating the reorientation of actin microfilaments, thereby regulating the vectorial flow of vesicles to the tip 31 . It has been proposed that to convey information from the sensing apex to the transcriptional machinery that is located several micrometers behind the tip (11 μm in Aspergillus nidulans , 12 μm in N. crassa , and 22 μm in Ustilago maydis 32– 34 ), a signal is able to travel in the opposite direction from growing tips to the nuclei 33 .…”

Section: Hyphal Morphogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyphal ontogeny in Neurospora crassa: a model organism for all seasons

Riquelme

Martínez‐Núñez

2016

F1000Res

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Filamentous fungi have proven to be a better-suited model system than unicellular yeasts in analyses of cellular processes such as polarized growth, exocytosis, endocytosis, and cytoskeleton-based organelle traffic. For example, the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa develops a variety of cellular forms. Studying the molecular basis of these forms has led to a better, yet incipient, understanding of polarized growth. Polarity factors as well as Rho GTPases, septins, and a localized delivery of vesicles are the central elements described so far that participate in the shift from isotropic to polarized growth. The growth of the cell wall by apical biosynthesis and remodeling of polysaccharide components is a key process in hyphal morphogenesis. The coordinated action of motor proteins and Rab GTPases mediates the vesicular journey along the hyphae toward the apex, where the exocyst mediates vesicle fusion with the plasma membrane. Cytoplasmic microtubules and actin microfilaments serve as tracks for the transport of vesicular carriers as well as organelles in the tubular cell, contributing to polarization. In addition to exocytosis, endocytosis is required to set and maintain the apical polarity of the cell. Here, we summarize some of the most recent breakthroughs in hyphal morphogenesis and apical growth in N. crassa and the emerging questions that we believe should be addressed.

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“…In N. crassa , the Rho-GTPase CDC-42 has been reported to participate in vesicular transport to the hyphal tip via the actin cytoskeleton and microtubules to carry out a thigmotropic response: this response depends on calcium-regulated supply of vesicles to the extreme hyphal apex via the actin cytoskeleton42. In the wild type strain of P. blakesleeanus, the phospholipase C (PLC; id: 121739) and diacylglycerol kinase DGK genes are induced, the latter is affected in madC .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the wild type strain of P. blakesleeanus, the phospholipase C (PLC; id: 121739) and diacylglycerol kinase DGK genes are induced, the latter is affected in madC . In both N. crassa and C. albicans PLC activity increases intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations at the tip via inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP 3 )-mediated calcium release from vesicles, and has been related to the thigmotropic response through a calcineurin-related mechanism42 and DGK is an essential enzyme in phosphatidic acid-dependent signaling pathways. The signaling cascade mediated by PLC and DGK is also involved in the phototropic movement of Arabidopsis chloroplasts and protection against high-intensity UV-B irradiation4344.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Ras GTPase associated protein is involved in the phototropic and circadian photobiology responses in fungi

Polaino

Villalobos-Escobedo

Shakya

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Light is an environmental signal perceived by most eukaryotic organisms and that can have major impacts on their growth and development. The MadC protein in the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus (Mucoromycotina) has been postulated to form part of the photosensory input for phototropism of the fruiting body sporangiophores, but the madC gene has remained unidentified since the 1960s when madC mutants were first isolated. In this study the madC gene was identified by positional cloning. All madC mutant strains contain loss-of-function point mutations within a gene predicted to encode a GTPase activating protein (GAP) for Ras. The madC gene complements the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ras-GAP ira1 mutant and the encoded MadC protein interacts with P. blakesleeanus Ras homologs in yeast two-hybrid assays, indicating that MadC is a regulator of Ras signaling. Deletion of the homolog in the filamentous ascomycete Neurospora crassa affects the circadian clock output, yielding a pattern of asexual conidiation similar to a ras-1 mutant that is used in circadian studies in N. crassa. Thus, MadC is unlikely to be a photosensor, yet is a fundamental link in the photoresponses from blue light perceived by the conserved White Collar complex with Ras signaling in two distantly-related filamentous fungal species.

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Regulation of vectorial supply of vesicles to the hyphal tip determines thigmotropism in Neurospora crassa

Cited by 21 publications

References 40 publications

Hypotonic stress-induced calcium signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves TRP-like transporters on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Hypotonic stress-induced calcium signaling in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves TRP-like transporters on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Hyphal ontogeny in Neurospora crassa: a model organism for all seasons

A Ras GTPase associated protein is involved in the phototropic and circadian photobiology responses in fungi

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