Regulatory roles of leptin in reproduction and metabolism: A comparative review

Zieba, D; Amstalden, M.; Williams, Gary L.

doi:10.1016/j.domaniend.2005.02.019

Cited by 187 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Moreover, direct ovarian arterial infusion of leptin reduced ovarian oestradiol secretion [59], probably by inhibiting the IGF-I-mediated enhancement of FSH-stimulated oestradiol synthesis by ovine granulosa cells [60]. These effects might explain the static (medium term) effects of nutrition on reproduction.…”

Section: The Role Of Leptin In the Nutritional Regulation Of Gnrh-lh mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nutrition on the seasonality of reproduction in ewes

Forcada

Abecia

2006

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-The beneficial effects of nutrition on reproduction in sheep have been described, particularly on ovulation rate. However, the relationships between nutrition and reproductive seasonality are not well known. This review will deal with the effects of body fat or food intake on sexual and hypothalamic/pituitary activity in sheep, mainly focused on Mediterranean genotypes. Although only severe malnutrition can significantly extend the length of the seasonal anestrous period, the level of fat reserves can play a significant role on reproductive seasonality delaying the onset of seasonal anoestrus, particularly on the Mediterranean environment. The effect of overfeeding on LH secretion has also been reported, specially at short term. Several experimental approaches have elucidated that both high body fat and food intake are able to modify the sensitivity of the hypothalamus to oestradiol negative feedback during seasonal anoestrus, with those effects being associated to a reduced amount of NPY mRNA and to an increase of plasma insulin, glucose and leptin concentrations, particularly in the late scenario. However, the highest receptivity to nutritional stimulation in terms of increasing LH occurs when ewes are subjected to a photoperiodic state of early anoestrus or late breeding season rather than under a photoperiod characteristic of the end of anoestrus or the beginning of the breeding season.sheep / nutrition / reproductive seasonality / gonadotropins

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Section: The Role Of Leptin In the Nutritional Regulation Of Gnrh-lh mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nutrition on the seasonality of reproduction in ewes

Forcada

Abecia

2006

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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“…In particular, leptin treatments in vitro can contribute to the regulation of ovarian steroidogenesis, showing synergistic actions with IGF1 (Spicer 2001;Nicklin et al 2007). Leptin can also influence oocyte maturation and fertilisation rate (Boelhauve et al 2005) and gonadotrophin secretion, although in ruminants this latter action only seems to be important during very severe undernutrition (Zieba et al 2005).…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow

Wathes

Clempson

Pollott

2013

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Abstract. Dairy cows mobilise body tissues to support milk production and, because glucose supplies are limited, lipids are used preferentially for energy production. Lipogenic activity is switched off and lipolytic mechanisms in adipose tissue increase through changes in the expression of several key enzymes. This results in a loss of body condition, together with high circulating concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids. Changes in the synthesis, secretion and signalling pathways of somatotrophic hormones (insulin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1) and adipokines (e.g. leptin) are central to the regulation of these processes. A high reliance on fatty acids as an energy source in the peripartum period causes oxidative damage to mitochondria in metabolically active tissues, including the liver and reproductive tract. The expression of genes involved in insulin resistance (PDK4, AHSG) is increased, together with expression of TIEG1, a transcription factor that can induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. Polymorphisms in TFAM and UCP2, two autosomal mitochondrial genes, have been associated with longevity in dairy cows. Polymorphisms in many other genes that affect lipid metabolism also show some associations with fertility traits. These include DGAT1, SCD1, DECR1, CRH, CBFA2T1, GH, LEP and NPY. Excess lipid accumulation in oocytes and the regenerating endometrium reduces fertility via reductions in embryo survival and increased inflammatory changes, respectively.

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“…However, there is a consensus amongst authors that the role of leptin is permissive rather than triggering, and this is logical because adipose tissue is only one of the three components of metabolic status. This view is now common for the onset of puberty in rodents, humans, cows and sheep [42][43][44].…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, leptin, the secretion of which is affected by the mass of fat stores, by intake and by expenditure, can stimulate the secretion of the following: (1) insulin from the pancreas in fasted cattle but only at a low dose (20 µg.kg −1 : [55]); (2) GH in female sheep [56] but apparently not cattle [44]; and (3) thyroid hormones in cattle.…”

Section: Towards the Integration Of Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic and integrative aspects of the regulation of reproduction by metabolic status in male sheep

2006

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-Change in metabolic status, defined as a change in the availability of nutrients and energy to the tissues, is a powerful regulator of the reproductive function in small ruminants, especially in genotypes that are not strongly responsive to photoperiod such as the Merino sheep. In this paper, the dynamics of the response of the reproductive axis to changes in metabolic status are reviewed in the light of recent studies. The nature and the roles of the various components of the pathways linking metabolic status to reproduction are considered: nutrients and metabolites, the endocrine system, and the nervous system. We discuss the role of leptin and insulin in detail because of the central role of these two hormones in both the early gonadotrophin response to increase in nutrition and the long-term response of the testis to dietary stimulation. The possible roles of recently identified peptides, such as ghrelin and kisspeptin, are also considered as we develop a general hypothesis that encompasses the different levels of integration necessary to explain the complex interactions between reproductive function and metabolic status, and the possible existence of a "metabolic memory" in this interaction.nutrition / GnRH / LH / leptin / insulin / testis

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Regulatory roles of leptin in reproduction and metabolism: A comparative review

Cited by 187 publications

References 123 publications

The effect of nutrition on the seasonality of reproduction in ewes

The effect of nutrition on the seasonality of reproduction in ewes

Associations between lipid metabolism and fertility in the dairy cow

Dynamic and integrative aspects of the regulation of reproduction by metabolic status in male sheep

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