Regulatory T cells and autoimmunity

Vila, Josephine; Isaacs, John D.; Anderson, Amy E.

doi:10.1097/moh.0b013e32832a9a01

Cited by 52 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Tregs reduce the inflammatory responses and clinical symptoms in mice with EAE. [11][12][13] The etiology of most autoimmune diseases, including MS, is not clearly understood. Both genetic predisposition (a key risk factor) and environmental factors are involved.…”

Section: Multiple Sclerosis (Ms) Is a T-cell-mediated Inflammatory Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Altering Balance among CD4+ T-Cell Subsets

Wang

Ren

et al. 2012

The American Journal of Pathology

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The green tea component epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) may be beneficial in autoimmune diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we determined the effect of EGCG on the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model for human multiple sclerosis, and the underlying mechanisms. Female C57BL/6 mice were fed EGCG (0%, 0.15%, 0.3%, and 0.6% in diet) for 30 days and then immunized with specific antigen myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55. EGCG dose dependently attenuated clinical symptoms and pathological features (leukocyte infiltration and demyelination) in the central nervous system and inhibited antigen-specific T-cell proliferation and delayed-type hypersensitivity skin response. We further showed that EGCG reduced production of interferon-␥, IL-17, IL-6, IL-1␤, and tumor necrosis factor-␣; decreased types 1 and 17 helper T cells (Th1 and Th17, respectively); and increased regulatory T-cell populations in lymph nodes, the spleen, and the central nervous system. Moreover, EGCG inhibited expression of transcription factors T-box expressed in T cells and retinoid-related orphan receptor-␥t, the specific transcription factor for Th1 and Th17 differentiation, respectively; the plasma levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1; and CCR6 expression in CD4 ؉ T cells. These results indicate that EGCG may attenuate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis autoimmune response by inhibiting immune cell infiltration and modulating the balance among pro-and anti-autoimmune CD4 ؉ T-cell subsets.Thus, we identified a novel mechanism that underlies EGCG's beneficial effect in autoimmune disease. (Am J

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Section: Multiple Sclerosis (Ms) Is a T-cell-mediated Inflammatory Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Altering Balance among CD4+ T-Cell Subsets

Wang

Ren

et al. 2012

The American Journal of Pathology

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“…1,2 Abnormalities of Tregcell number or function have been implicated in several autoimmune [3][4][5] and allergic [6][7][8] diseases, and Treg cells play a pivotal role in the maintenance of allograft tolerance. [9][10][11] Despite limiting collateral damage in the immune response against certain microbes, Treg cells have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of a num- ); GED, Gene Expression Ct (threshold cycle) Difference; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; iTreg, induced regulatory T; LN, lymph node; mAb, monoclonal antibody; MFI, median fluorescence intensity; nTreg, naturally occurring regulatory T; mAb, monoclonal antibody; PB, peripheral blood; PMA, phorbol myristate acetate; Tcon, conventional T; TGF, transforming growth factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and functional characterization of a CD4+ CD25high FOXP3high regulatory T-cell population in the dog

et al. 2010

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Summary Relatively little is known about regulatory T (Treg) cells and their functional responses in dogs. We have used the cross‐reactive anti‐mouse/rat Foxp3 antibody clone FJK‐16s to identify a population of canine CD4+ FOXP3high T cells in both the peripheral blood (PB) and popliteal lymph node (LN). FOXP3+ cells in both PB and LN yielded positive staining with the newly developed anti‐murine/human Helios antibody clone 22F6, consistent with the notion that they were naturally occurring Treg cells. Stimulation of mononuclear cells of LN origin with concanavalin A (Con A) in vitro yielded increased proportions and median fluorescence intensity of FOXP3 expression by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Removal of the Con A and continued culture disclosed a CD4+ FOXP3high population, distinct from the CD4+ FOXP3intermediate T cells; very few CD8+ FOXP3high T cells were observed, though CD8+ FOXP3intermediate cells were present in equal abundance to CD4+ FOXP3intermediate cells. The CD4+ FOXP3high T cells were thought to represent activated Treg cells, in contrast to the FOXP3intermediate cells, which were thought to be a more heterogeneous population comprising predominantly activated conventional T cells. Co‐staining with interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) supported this notion, because the FOXP3high T cells were almost exclusively IFN‐γ−, whereas the FOXP3intermediate cells expressed a more heterogeneous IFN‐γ phenotype. Following activation of mononuclear cells with Con A and interleukin‐2, the 5% of CD4+ T cells showing the highest CD25 expression (CD4+ CD25high) were enriched in cells expressing FOXP3. These cells were anergic in vitro, in contrast to the 20% of CD4+ T cells with the lowest CD25 expression (CD4+ CD25−), which proliferated readily. The CD4+ CD25high FOXP3high T cells were able to suppress the proliferation of responder CD4+ T cells in vitro, in contrast to the CD4+ CD25− cells, which showed no regulatory properties.

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“…Furthermore, a number of autoimmune diseases involve a perturbation in Treg numbers or function (reviewed in Ref. 7), and control of the local response to acute tissue damage appears to require Treg function (8). The ability to monitor and manipulate Tregs may improve diagnosis or therapeutic intervention for autoimmune diseases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification of Human FOXP3 Target Genes in Natural Regulatory T Cells

Sadlon

Wilkinson

Pederson

et al. 2010

The Journal of Immunology

130

162

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Regulatory T cells and autoimmunity

Cited by 52 publications

References 48 publications

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Altering Balance among CD4+ T-Cell Subsets

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Altering Balance among CD4+ T-Cell Subsets

Phenotypic and functional characterization of a CD4+ CD25high FOXP3high regulatory T-cell population in the dog

Genome-Wide Identification of Human FOXP3 Target Genes in Natural Regulatory T Cells

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