Rehabilitation in long COVID-19: A mini-review

Swarnakar, Raktim; Yadav, Shiv Lal

doi:10.5662/wjm.v12.i4.235

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, no studies on rehabilitation intervention have been investigated in long COVID-19 for musculoskeletal complications in particular[ 70 ]. In our systematic reviews, we did only descriptive analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Musculoskeletal complications in long COVID-19: A systematic review

Swarnakar¹,

Jenifa²,

Wadhwa³

2022

World J Virol

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BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has crippled humanity since early 2020. Various sequelae of COVID-19 have been reported in different body systems. Musculoskeletal symptoms are widely reported during COVID-19 infection, but musculoskeletal complications in long COVID-19 are underreported. However, post-COVID-19 survivors have reported complaints of persisting or new-onset fatigue, myalgia, arthralgia, arthritis, muscle weakness, etc in clinical practice. The well-known detrimental effects of steroids on the musculoskeletal system coupled with their over-the-counter availability can also be anticipated since they were the cornerstone of life-saving management in this pandemic. AIM To determine the musculoskeletal complications in long COVID. METHODS We performed a systematic review of ‘systematic reviews and meta-analyses’. RESULTS Of the 63 articles screened, 24 articles were included. Two articles specifically discussed children and adolescents. One article discussed rehabilitation intervention. No article addressed rehabilitation of musculoskeletal issues in long COVID-19 in particular. Fatigue was the most common musculoskeletal complication. CONCLUSION Fatigue is found to be very common along with myalgia and arthralgia. There were no studies on rehabilitation intervention in musculoskeletal complications specifically. Considering the lacuna in literature and the needs of the current situation, further studies are warranted to standardize effective rehabilitation interventions in musculoskeletal complications. More homogenous studies are needed. Studies on functional impairment due to musculoskeletal involvement are essential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Musculoskeletal complications in long COVID-19: A systematic review

Swarnakar¹,

Jenifa²,

Wadhwa³

2022

World J Virol

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“…Davies et al [52] emphasize that close follow-up with people with long COVID during the rehabilitation process and education about health conditions are essential. Several studies highlight the need for further research on the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs on the symptoms of people with long COVID [53], [54].…”

Section: Key Ndings Experience Of Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

"There is no one who helps you with it." Experiences of people with long COVID regarding medical care, therapeutic measures, and barriers in the German healthcare system: results of a qualitative study with four focus groups

Schmachtenberg,

Königs,

Dragaqina

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Many people experience long-term symptoms such as fatigue, cognitive problems, or shortness of breath after an acute infection with COVID-19. This emerging syndrome, known as long COVID, is new and complex in many aspects. This study aims to collect the experiences of people with long COVID with ambulatory healthcare structures. Methods Four focus groups were conducted with a total of 23 adults with long COVID in June and July 2022. These discussions were audio-recorded, subsequently transcribed, and analyzed using the qualitative content analysis of Mayring and Kuckartz. Results Fourteen out of 19 participants who had a primary care encounter regarding their long COVID symptoms did not perceive it as helpful. Many respondents reported that their general practitioners did not take their long COVID symptoms seriously and did not refer them to specialists or made therapeutic recommendations. However, some participants reported that they were prescribed non-pharmaceutical therapies (e.g., group meetings supported by psychotherapists, occupational therapy, etc.) that improved their condition. 14 of 23 respondentsperceived care barriers such as providers' lack of awareness of long COVID, poor access to specialists, a lack of specialized care (e.g., long COVID clinics), or high bureaucratic hurdles for specific healthcare services. To improve medical care, participants suggested campaigns to raise awareness of long COVID among healthcare providers and the general population, increase research and government investments regarding the development of treatment structures for long COVID, expanding existing therapeutic services, and establishing one-stop shops for integrated specialist healthcare for people with long COVID. Conclusions Several implications for healthcare professionals and policymakers can be derived from this study: (1) general practitioners should take the symptoms of long COVID seriously, assume a care coordinating role, make referrals, and establish contact with long COVID clinics; (2) care planners should focus on developing interprofessional evidence-based care and treatment approaches for long COVID; (3) existing care structures such as long COVID outpatient clinics should be expanded. Trial registration: The study is registered in the German register for clinical trials (DRKS00026007).

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“…El Instituto Nacional de Salud y Cuidados de Excelencia (NICE), la Red de Lineamientos Intercolegiados de Escocia (SIGN) y el Real Colegio de Médicos Generales (RCGP) definen al COVID-19 persistente (post-COVID syndrome, PCS) como los signos y síntomas que se desarrollan durante o posterior a COVID-19 y que persisten por más de 12 semanas sin explicarse por un diagnóstico alternativo [1]. Las discapacidades ocasionadas pueden involucrar múltiples sistemas: pulmonar, cardiaco, musculoesquelético, metabólico, neuropsiquiátrico y tromboembólico principalmente [2]. De hecho, desde el inicio de la pandemia se ha considerado a la rehabilitación pulmonar (RP) en un eje central del manejo de estos pacientes ya que es reconocido que el ejercicio estimula el sistema inmunológico al mejorar la adaptación mitocondrial y regeneración celular; ayuda a disminuir la fatiga muscular, limitaciones físicas y mejora la tolerancia al ejercicio; mejora la autonomía de pacientes con enfermedades pulmonares y está asociada a disminuir el riesgo de mortalidad cuando menos en la hospitalización por enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica [3].…”

Section: Transferencia En La Práctica De Dr Cecilio Omar Ceballos-zúñ...unclassified

Fortaleciendo la respiración: La rehabilitación como pilar en la recuperación del paciente post-COVID

Ceballos-Zúñiga¹

2023

Kompass Neumol

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El objetivo de este estudio era determinar la eficacia del ejercicio físico, el entrenamiento muscular respiratorio y del folleto de autocontrol de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) sobre la recuperación de la forma física, la calidad de vida y el estado sintomático en personas con enfermedad post-COVID-19. Ochenta adultos no hospitalizados con síndrome post-COVID-19 fueron asignados aleatoriamente a uno de cuatro grupos de intervención paralelos de 8 semanas de duración: El 1° grupo realizó un programa de ejercicios multicomponente basado en el entrenamiento concurrente (concurrent training, CT) ; para el 2° grupo, se realizó entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio (respiratory muscle training, RM); el 3° grupo recibió una combinación de las dos intervenciones anteriores (CTRM); el 4° grupo actuó como grupo de control (CON) según las directrices de la OMS para la rehabilitación post-COVID. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los 4 grupos al inicio del estudio. Aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las intervenciones en V̇o2<sub>max</sub>, se encontraron mejoras individuales significativas en los grupos CT y CTRM. La fuerza muscular de la parte inferior del cuerpo mejoró significativamente en los grupos CT y CTRM en comparación con RM y CON. Entre los participantes de los grupos CT y CTRM, la disnea y la fatiga mejoraron significativamente, al igual que el estado de salud. Además, se describieron diferencias significativas entre las intervenciones en las escalas de fatiga y depresión para los grupos CT y CTRM. El entrenamiento concurrente individualizado y supervisado, con o sin entrenamiento de los músculos respiratorios, fue seguro y más eficaz que las recomendaciones de autocuidado y el entrenamiento de los músculos respiratorios por sí solos para restablecer el estado cardiovascular y muscular, mejorar la gravedad de los síntomas y el estado de salud en pacientes ambulatorios post-COVID.

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Rehabilitation in long COVID-19: A mini-review

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Musculoskeletal complications in long COVID-19: A systematic review

Musculoskeletal complications in long COVID-19: A systematic review

"There is no one who helps you with it." Experiences of people with long COVID regarding medical care, therapeutic measures, and barriers in the German healthcare system: results of a qualitative study with four focus groups

Fortaleciendo la respiración: La rehabilitación como pilar en la recuperación del paciente post-COVID

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