Reinfection after successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori: a 2‐year prospective study in Alaska Natives

Abstract

SUMMARY BackgroundLimited information exists regarding risk factors for reinfection after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Alaska Sentinel Surveillance Study of Helicobacter pylori Isolates from Alaska Native Persons from 2000 to 2008

“…These rates of resistance from Alaska are more consistent with rates found in developing countries. Our data support previous studies in Alaska and other parts of the world that demonstrate a high proportion of H. pylori isolates resistant to metronidazole and clarithromycin (6,14,18,23,24,25). Neither metronidazole-nor clarithromycin-resistant isolates were associated with a particular age group or place of residence (urban versus rural).…”

“…(i) Biopsy and culture. Tissue samples from biopsy specimens were tested by a Campylobacter-like organism (CLO) test (Ballard Medical Products, Draper, UT) for the detection of urease and cultured by previously described techniques (18). Biopsy specimens were stained with Diff-Quik (Mercedes Medical, Sarasota, FL) stain for identification of H. pylori isolates and with hematoxylin and eosin stain for histological evaluation.…”

“…Previous studies have demonstrated elevated proportions of resistant H. pylori isolates from Alaska compared with the rest of the United States (7,10,12,18,21). We analyzed data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) H. pylori sentinel surveillance system in Alaska from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2008 to determine the proportion of H. pylori culture-positive biopsy specimens from Alaska Native persons undergoing upper endoscopy and to determine the susceptibility of H. pylori isolates to antibiotics (metronidazole, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, amoxicillin, and tetracycline) commonly used in the treatment of H. pylori infections in Alaska.…”

H. pylori-associated pathologic findings among Alaska native patients

“…These were processed and inoculated to solid media as described previously [17,20]. Gastric biopsy tissue obtained at the time of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) were stained with Diff-Quik® (Mercedes Medical, USA) stain, for quantification of H. pylori and with haematoxylin and eosin stain for histological evaluation.…”

Gastric cancer among American Indians and Alaska Natives in the United States, 1999-2004

“…45 Seroprevalence increases with age, and previous studies in the US have documented that seroprevalence among individuals aged 60 years is approximately 50%. [46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] Although most data on H. pylori prevalence in AI/AN communities are based on work in Alaska, [54][55][56][57] where prevalence is approximately 75%, a population-based survey in an American Indian community in Montana also revealed a high prevalence (53%). 58 In developing countries, prevalence approaches 90%, with most individuals infected before age 10 years.…”