Reinforcement of maleated natural rubber by precipitated silica

Sahakaro, Kannika; Beraheng, Sumsuriya

doi:10.1002/app.28483

Cited by 49 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…ese chemical bonds between W-ST and NR improved filler-rubber interaction of NR composites. Similar results were found by Jacob et al [1], Ismail et al [26], and Sahakaro and Beraheng [27]. ey suggested that the prolonged scorch time and cure time of NR composites resulted from the better interaction between the filler and rubber matrix.…”

Section: Characterization Of Rhf/nrsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effect of Silane Treatment Methods on Physical Properties of Rice Husk Flour/Natural Rubber Composites

Srisuwan

Jarukumjorn

Suppakarn

2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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In this study, the effect of silane treatment methods on cure characteristics and mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and morphological properties of rice husk flour (RHF)/natural rubber (NR) composites was investigated. e RHF surface was pretreated with alkali solution and then treated with bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT) solution using the unwashing silane treatment method and washing silane treatment method. e expected difference between these two methods was the silane layers presented on the RHF surface. Unwashed TESPT-treated RHF (UW-ST) and washed TESPT-treated RHF (W-ST) were incorporated into NR to prepare RHF/NR composites. e TESPT molecules deposited on UW-ST and W-ST surfaces were confirmed by the additional peaks appeared in the FTIR spectra of UW-ST and W-ST. In addition, the decrement of decomposition temperatures and the changes in the residue amounts of UW-ST and W-ST proved the removal of the physisorbed silane layers after washing. e presence of TESPT molecules on the RHF surface enhanced compatibility and adhesion between RHF and NR matrix. is was confirmed by SEM micrographs of both UW-ST/NR and W-ST/NR composites. is result was also supported by the improvement of the mechanical and the dynamic mechanical properties of these two composites. According to mechanical properties of the NR composites, the washing silane treatment method was more effective than the unwashing silane treatment method for compatibility improvement between RHF and NR. e modulus, tensile strength, and tear strength of W-ST/NR composites can be enhanced without deterioration of their elongation at break.

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Section: Characterization Of Rhf/nrsupporting

confidence: 79%

Effect of Silane Treatment Methods on Physical Properties of Rice Husk Flour/Natural Rubber Composites

Srisuwan

Jarukumjorn

Suppakarn

2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…It is interesting to note that at the optimum MA concentration, the tensile strength of the compatibilized blend is equal to that of NR even when the blend contains 5% EPS. The succinic anhydride groups grafted onto NR and EPS molecules enhance the polarity of the blend and an interaction between the succinic anhydride groups and the hydroxyl groups on silica surface is quite likely [36]. Similar interactions between the hydroxyl and maleic anhydride groups have previously been proposed such as in the cases of PP-g-MA versus nano-silica [38] and maleated NR versus paper sludge filler [39].…”

Section: Cure Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…The interfacial tension reduces thereby improving adhesion between the components as well as between the filler and the polymer matrix which enhances the tensile strength of the blends [12,15]. Moreover, it has been reported that silica filled NR shows better properties on MA grafting [36]. The modulus at 300% Fig.…”

Section: Cure Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Utilization of waste expanded polystyrene: Blends with silica-filled natural rubber

Sekharan¹,

Abraham²,

Thachil³

2012

Materials & Design

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a b s t r a c tExpanded polystyrene (EPS) constitutes a considerable part of thermoplastic waste in the environment in terms of volume. In this study, this waste material has been utilized for blending with silica-reinforced natural rubber (NR). The NR/EPS (35/5) blends were prepared by melt mixing in a Brabender Plasticorder. Since NR and EPS are incompatible and immiscible a method has been devised to improve compatibility. For this, EPS and NR were initially grafted with maleic anhydride (MA) using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) to give a graft copolymer. Grafting was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy. This grafted blend was subsequently blended with more of NR during mill compounding. Morphological studies using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed better dispersion of EPS in the compatibilized blend compared to the noncompatibilized blend. By this technique, the tensile strength, elongation at break, modulus, tear strength, compression set and hardness of the blend were found to be either at par with or better than that of virgin silica filled NR compound. It is also noted that the thermal properties of the blends are equivalent with that of virgin NR. The study establishes the potential of this method for utilising waste EPS.

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“…In order to enhance the silica dispersion, many efforts have been carried out with silica surface modification in recent years . The other end silane grafted NR and maleic anhydride grafted NR were used as compatibilizers in silica filled green composites . Small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) techniques are very suitable for the study of filler morphologies in silica‐filled rubber compounds .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biologically sustainable rubber resin and rubber‐filler promoter: a precursor study

Manoharan

Naskar

2017

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Enthused by the ever growing demand for sustainable and green based materials in responding to applications based on macromolecules, an attempt was made in seeking a bio‐resin (Terpene). Herein, we report the functionalization of bio‐resin with natural rubber (NR) to produce new sustainable and greener functional polymer. Bio‐resin functionalized NR was prepared by melt mixing using di(2‐tert butyl peroxy isopropyl) benzene initiator. Structure elucidation of the bio‐resin functionalized NR was established by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Bio‐resin functionalized NR facilitates the augmented interaction with highly dispersible silica. Amended state of highly dispersible silica dispersion has been achieved in the absence of toxic process oil, expensive silane coupling agent and conventionally used zinc oxide. Remarkable improvement in overall properties corroborated with various meticulous characterization including nanoindentation, rheological, physico‐mechanical and small angle X‐ray scattering using Becauge model, etc. The dynamic mechanical properties of the greener polymer demonstrated low rolling resistance coupled with high traction. More decisively, the macromolecule system toned up sparingly in the presence of the bio‐resin. Our contribution facilitates a novel avenue to develop sustainable high‐performance elastomeric macromolecule. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Reinforcement of maleated natural rubber by precipitated silica

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Silane Treatment Methods on Physical Properties of Rice Husk Flour/Natural Rubber Composites

Effect of Silane Treatment Methods on Physical Properties of Rice Husk Flour/Natural Rubber Composites

Utilization of waste expanded polystyrene: Blends with silica-filled natural rubber

Biologically sustainable rubber resin and rubber‐filler promoter: a precursor study

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