Reinforcement sensitivity theory and personality

Corr, Philip J.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2004.01.005

Cited by 726 publications

(593 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…The second theory, rRST, is a biologically based personality theory which investigates the link between specific neural pathways and basic behavioural traits. With the extensive use of some substances, and with severe trauma, individuals can experience changes to the brain, and therefore changes in personality (Corr, 2008). On the other hand, rRST has established specific personality factors which can predict later substance abuse, and it is possible that certain personality traits leave an individual more susceptible to developing PTSD after a trauma (Corr, 2004) These two theories were chosen for specific reasons.…”

Section: Overview Of This Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the extensive use of some substances, and with severe trauma, individuals can experience changes to the brain, and therefore changes in personality (Corr, 2008). On the other hand, rRST has established specific personality factors which can predict later substance abuse, and it is possible that certain personality traits leave an individual more susceptible to developing PTSD after a trauma (Corr, 2004) These two theories were chosen for specific reasons. First, trauma is a common antecedent to emotion dysregulation (Herman, 1992), and may impair an individual's ability to engage in healthy communication and cope with stressful situations (Walsh, DiLillo, & Messman-Moore, 2012).…”

Section: Overview Of This Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the theory of rRST there are three major personality factors which underlie individual responses to punishment, reward and motivation (Corr, 2008). First is the Behavioural Approach System (BAS; Cloitre et al, 2008), also called Sensitivity to Reward, which regulates an individual's approach to reward cues.…”

Section: Simplifiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They will also cautiously approach situations (Gray & McNaughton, 2000;Gray & McNaughton, 2003), and show increased levels of attention and arousal. Higher BIS severity has been shown to relate to specific symptom clusters in PTSD, specifically dysphoria, avoidance, and re-experiencing (Contractor, Elhai, Ractliffe, & Forbes, 2013) Finally, the fight/flight/freeze system (FFFS) regulates an individual's response to actual threat or a heightened sense of threat (Corr, 2008). When an individual engages in the fight response they will become, from their perspective, defensively aggressive.…”

Section: Simplifiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, to investigate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of adults undergoing substance use disorder (SUD) treatment in a therapeutic community (TC) and, second, to apply major psychological theories to help understand the nature of this comorbidity in ways that inform treatment. The focal theories of this research are: emotion dysregulation (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), and revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (rRST; Corr, 2008;Gray & McNaughton, 2000). Rash Impulsiveness will be included as an important dimension of rRST that has been consistently linked to substance misuse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic stress disorder in a therapeutic community for substance use disorders: an evaluation of the influence

Perryman¹

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The purpose of this body of research is twofold. First, to investigate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of adults undergoing substance use disorder (SUD) treatment in a therapeutic community (TC) and, second, to apply major psychological theories to help understand the nature of this comorbidity in ways that inform treatment. The focal theories of this research are: emotion dysregulation (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), and revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (rRST; Corr, 2008;Gray & McNaughton, 2000). Rash Impulsiveness will be included as an important dimension of rRST that has been consistently linked to substance misuse. Chapter 1 presents an overview of research related to the thesis as a whole. In Chapter .72, p < .00). Furthermore, the correlations between PTSS and two of the facets of rRST, BAS and fight-flight-freeze sensitivity (FFFS), were significantly correlated (r = -.23 and .49, p < .01, respectively). BAS sensitivity was shown to negatively correlate with PTSS, indicating that lower BAS sensitivity related to higher PTS severity. No relationship was found between the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS) and PTSS. Finally, Rash Impulsivity significantly correlated with PTSS at intake, r = .50, p < .00. Contrary to hypotheses, and previous research, Rash Impulsivity did not significantly correlate with retention. Theoretical mechanisms linking PTSS and substance misuse were investigated further, with tests of theoretical models in which individual difference factors (facets of the rRST) were related to retention and outcomes from treatment, and facets of emotional dysregulation were tested as mediators of this relationship. Upon investigation through linear regression, no suitable variable was found the mediate the relationship between PTSS and retention.iii The final moderated mediated model, therefore, was not suitable for this population. Limited moderation, though, occurred between the two facets of rRST and retention. Specifically, investigation of the simple slopes showed that FFFS and Rash Impulsivity both moderate the relationship between PTSD and retention at high (+1 SD) and mean scores. These findings indicate that high levels of both facets do interact with PTSD to negatively influence treatment retention.The null findings for both mediation and the moderated mediation model contradict previous research, and may be due to homogeneity in scores across the population. Overall, some implications for treatment can be extrapolated. First, PTSD is highly prevalent in the TC population, and should be assessed using psychometrically valid measures, such as the PCL-C, and addressed in treatment. Second, treatment for SUD does not exacerbate PTSD; on the contrary, PTSS significantly decreased during TC treatment. Finally, as there is solid theoretical support to suggest an influence of emotion dysregulation and Rash Impulsiveness on retention and outcomes, more research needs to be conducted on the role of these two constructs with the intent of creating a better suited rehabi...

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Section: Overview Of This Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of This Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simplifiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simplifiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic stress disorder in a therapeutic community for substance use disorders: an evaluation of the influence

Perryman¹

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Molecular Genetic Aspects of Personality

Strobel¹,

Brocke²

2011

The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Individual Differences

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Behavioral inhibition and activation as a modifier process in autism spectrum disorder: Examination of self‐reported BIS/BAS and alpha EEG asymmetry

et al. 2018

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The Modifier Model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests that phenotypic variability within ASD is rooted in modifier processes, such as the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS). Among a sample of 53 adolescents with ASD, this study examined associations between (a) self-reported BIS/BAS and frontal and parietal alpha electroencephalogram asymmetry and whether these indices related to (b) ASD severity (via the Autism Quotient), and/or (c) co-occurring anxiety and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (via Youth Self Report and Child Behavior Checklist). Findings showed that alpha asymmetry was associated with self-reported BAS scores, such that greater BAS was related to greater right-frontal hemisphere activation and relatively greater left-parietal hemisphere activation. Additionally, associations emerged between ASD severity and self-reported BAS and alpha asymmetry, and between anxiety symptoms and self-reported BIS and alpha asymmetry. Furthermore, mediation analyses revealed that BAS mediated the association between asymmetry and autism severity. Therefore, alpha asymmetry and BIS/BAS activity may provide insight into how ASD presents in adolescence as well as who might be at greater risk for developing co-occurring psychopathologies. This study highlights the importance of considering motivational systems to elucidate individual differences among youth with ASD and working toward the longer term goal of better understanding differential responses to treatment.Lay Summary: Differences in the likelihood to avoid (behavioral inhibition system; BIS) or approach (behavioral activation system; BAS) situations are thought to relate to patterns of brain activity (via electroencephalogram asymmetry asymmetry). This study revealed that these tendencies may influence the presentation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and symptoms of anxiety in adolescents with ASD.

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Reinforcement sensitivity theory and personality

Cited by 726 publications

References 88 publications

Posttraumatic stress disorder in a therapeutic community for substance use disorders: an evaluation of the influence

Posttraumatic stress disorder in a therapeutic community for substance use disorders: an evaluation of the influence

Molecular Genetic Aspects of Personality

Behavioral inhibition and activation as a modifier process in autism spectrum disorder: Examination of self‐reported BIS/BAS and alpha EEG asymmetry

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